N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb, diplomati i shquar amerikan George Kennan analizoi shum\u00eb sakt\u00eb motivet dhe perspektiv\u00ebn politike q\u00eb kishin sovjetik\u00ebt. Kennan tha se ato ishin nj\u00eb kombinim i ideologjis\u00eb komuniste, pasiguris\u00eb tradicionale ruse, dhe i ekspansionizmit carist.<\/p>\n
Vladimir Putin e ka trash\u00ebguar plot\u00ebsisht at\u00eb mend\u00ebsi dhe qasje. Besimi i tij ideologjik se shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e Bashkimit Sovjetik ishte katastrofa m\u00eb e madhe gjeopolitike e shekullit t\u00eb kaluar, paranoja e tij ndaj k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimi p\u00ebr Russkit Mir (koncepti i \u201cBot\u00ebs Ruse\u201d, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shnd\u00ebrruar n\u00eb baz\u00ebn e nj\u00eb kryq\u00ebzate kund\u00ebr kultur\u00ebs liberale t\u00eb Per\u00ebndimit), dhe d\u00ebshira p\u00ebr ta shtrir\u00eb Rusin\u00eb af\u00ebr shumic\u00ebs s\u00eb kufijve t\u00eb dikursh\u00ebm t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Per\u00ebndimore me Bashkimin Sovjetik, ilustrojn\u00eb se si Putin \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pasardh\u00ebs i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb i ideolog\u00ebve sovjetik\u00eb si Stalini dhe Brezhnev.<\/p>\n
Paranoja rritet nga besimi i tij se Per\u00ebndimi e shkeli premtimin e b\u00ebr\u00eb dikur, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos e zgjeruar NATO-n n\u00eb lindje. Sipas Rusis\u00eb, n\u00eb vitin 1990 Sekretari amerikan i Shtetit, James Baker i dha garanci Mikhail Gorbachev se nuk do t\u00eb kishte zgjerim t\u00eb NATO-s p\u00ebrtej kufirit lindor t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb, me kushtin q\u00eb Rusia t\u00eb pranonte ribashkimin e Gjermanis\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Por sipas versionit amerikan t\u00eb asaj bisede, Baker e pyeti Gorbachev se mos ndoshta donte t\u00eb lejonte nj\u00eb Gjermani t\u00eb bashkuar, me kushtin q\u00eb NATO-s t\u00eb mos zgjerohej as edhe nj\u00eb centimet\u00ebr. Po sipas versionit amerikan, lideri sovjetik u p\u00ebrgjigj se ai do t\u00eb preferonte nj\u00eb Gjermani t\u00eb pavarur t\u00eb bashkuar jasht\u00eb NATO-s.<\/p>\n
N\u00ebse Baker do ta kishte dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb garanci t\u00eb till\u00eb, ai do t\u00eb ishte p\u00ebrballur me parimin themeltar t\u00eb NATO-s, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mbajtja e der\u00ebs hapur p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e rinj. Kur ajo q\u00eb ata mendonin se d\u00ebgjuan rezultoi t\u00eb ishte e gabuar, Putin dhe njer\u00ebzit e tij pretenduan se ishin g\u00ebnjyer 2 her\u00eb nga SHBA-ja, pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur ata prisnin t\u00eb ishin partner\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb rend t\u00eb ri t\u00eb siguris\u00eb evropiane.<\/p>\n
Sipas narratives ruse, zgjerimi i NATO-s, i udh\u00ebhequr nga George Bush (I Vjetri) dhe Bill Clinton, e dob\u00ebsoi demokracin\u00eb e brisht\u00eb e t\u00eb sapolindur t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb, pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb momentin kur ajo kishte m\u00eb shum\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje. Kjo e nxiti Kennan t\u00eb paralajm\u00ebronte se zgjerimi i NATO-s, do t\u00eb ishte gabimi m\u00eb fatal i politik\u00ebs amerikane gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb pas Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Mjerisht, n\u00eb vend se Yeltsin t\u00eb pasohej n\u00eb detyr\u00eb nga nj\u00eb \u201cVolodymyr Zelensky\u201d rus, nga hiri i Bashkimit Sovjetik doli aparat\u00e7iku m\u00eb i lig q\u00eb kishte trajnuar ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb KGB-ja. Pra udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi m\u00eb i keq i mundsh\u00ebm q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ngjitej n\u00eb krye n\u00eb Rusi n\u00eb ato rrethana.<\/p>\n
Putini e ka par\u00eb me zem\u00ebrim zgjerimin e NATO-s nga 16 vende n\u00eb vitin 1991, n\u00eb 30 vende sot. Rusia ka sot me NATO-n ka nj\u00eb kufi t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb prej 1215 km. Por, nga k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimi i nj\u00eb Putin paranojak, situata do t\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsohet m\u00eb tej.<\/p>\n
Suedia dhe Finlanda, q\u00eb t\u00eb dyja shum\u00eb t\u00eb alarmuara nga sulmi rus n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, jan\u00eb gati t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimin n\u00eb NATO, teksa q\u00eb nga fundi i Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore preferuan nj\u00eb qasje neutrale. N\u00ebse do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb kjo, NATO do t\u00eb kishte n\u00eb gjirin e saj 32 vende, dhe kufiri i Rusis\u00eb me NATO-n do t\u00eb dyfishohej n\u00eb 2.555 km.<\/p>\n
Si Finlanda ashtu edhe Suedia, kan\u00eb ndjekur prej koh\u00ebsh dhe p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb forta historike, politik\u00ebn e mos-angazhimit n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb aleanc\u00eb ushtarake. Finlanda luftoi kund\u00ebr nj\u00eb pushtimi sovjetik n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn e Dimrit t\u00eb viteve 1939-1940, dhe humbi rreth 10 p\u00ebr qind t\u00eb territorit t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n
Suedia e ruajti neutralitetin e vetme midis vendeve nordike gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, n\u00eb dallim nga Danimarka dhe Norvegjia, pasi Hitleri e konsideronte territorin suedez si jo t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr synimet e tij ushtarake. Pas luft\u00ebs, Suedia iu bashkua qasjes s\u00eb Finland\u00ebs, duke refuzuar t\u2019i bashkohej NATO-s sikurse b\u00ebn\u00eb Norvegjia dhe Danimarka.<\/p>\n
Por me shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen e Bashkimit Sovjetik, Suedia dhe Finlanda e ndjen\u00eb se duhej t\u00eb braktisnin neutraliteti politik, ndaj aplikuan dhe u an\u00ebtar\u00ebsuan n\u00eb BE n\u00eb vitin 1995. Ndon\u00ebse q\u00eb nga fundi i Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb, Suedia dhe Finlanda kishin zhvilluar nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim ushtarak t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb me NATO-n, nuk e pan\u00eb t\u00eb nevojshme t\u00eb ndryshonin statusin e tyre ushtarak, n\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb an\u00ebtarit t\u00eb NATO-s.<\/p>\n
Por sulmi i Rusis\u00eb ndaj Ukrain\u00ebs, e ka ndryshuar me vendosm\u00ebri opinionit publik n\u00eb Suedi dhe Finland\u00eb. Muajin e kaluar, mb\u00ebshtetja ndaj an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimit arriti n\u00eb 57 p\u00ebr qind n\u00eb Suedi dhe 70 p\u00ebr qind n\u00eb Finland\u00eb. Partit\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb spektrin politik e mbrojn\u00eb tani an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimin n\u00eb NATO, dhe partit\u00eb qeveris\u00ebse socialdemokrate n\u00eb t\u00eb dyja vendet, jan\u00eb gati ta parashtrojn\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb referendum popullor.<\/p>\n
Sekretari i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i NATO-s, Jens Stoltenberg, ka deklaruar se do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje pozitive dhe t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb ndaj \u00e7do k\u00ebrkese t\u00eb till\u00eb, e cila mund t\u00eb paraqitet n\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u shqyrtuar q\u00eb n\u00eb samitin e NATO-s, i cili do bahet n\u00eb qershor n\u00eb Madrid. Gjithsesi vendimi duhet t\u00eb ratifikohet nga parlamentet e 30 an\u00ebtar\u00ebve aktual\u00eb t\u00eb NATO-s.<\/p>\n
Ndaj duket e pamundur q\u00eb t\u00eb dyja vendet t\u00eb pranohen zyrtarisht dhe t\u00eb g\u00ebzojn\u00eb mbrojtjen nga Neni V (sulmi ndaj nj\u00ebrit \u00ebsht\u00eb sulm ndaj t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve) p\u00ebrpara vitit 2023. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e NATO-s do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatiten p\u00ebr t\u00eb ofruar nj\u00eb parandalim t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm kund\u00ebr nj\u00eb agresioni t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm rus.<\/p>\n
Rusia ka k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuar tashm\u00eb se do t\u00eb vendos\u00eb arm\u00eb b\u00ebrthamore n\u00eb enklav\u00ebn e saj t\u00eb Kaliningradit midis Lituanis\u00eb dhe Polonis\u00eb (edhe pse sipas Lituanis\u00eb, rus\u00ebt kan\u00eb tashm\u00eb atje arm\u00eb b\u00ebrthamore). Por p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur \u00e7do justifikim p\u00ebr provokimet ose nd\u00ebrhyrjet ruse, t\u00eb dyja vendet ndoshta do t\u00eb refuzojn\u00eb t\u00eb vendosin sisteme raketore apo arm\u00eb b\u00ebrthamore n\u00eb territorin e tyre.<\/p>\n
Nd\u00ebrsa rruga e Suedis\u00eb dhe Finland\u00ebs drejt an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimit n\u00eb NATO, duket t\u00eb jet\u00eb relativisht e leht\u00eb, edhe pse jo aq e shpejt\u00eb sa do t\u00eb d\u00ebshironin disa, dy ish-republikat sovjetike, Moldavia dhe Gjeorgjia, q\u00eb i prishur marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet me Mosk\u00ebn, kan\u00eb pak shanse p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb aleanc\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Moldavia, ashtu si Ukraina, ka nj\u00eb rajon t\u00eb shk\u00ebputur, Transnistrian, i banuar n\u00eb shumic\u00eb nga rusisht-fol\u00ebsit, dhe q\u00eb ndodhet q\u00eb nga viti 1992 n\u00ebn kontrollin e separatist\u00ebve t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur nga rreth 1500 trupa ruse. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, neutraliteti i Moldavis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb kushtetut\u00ebn e saj.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr niveli i lart\u00eb i korrupsionit dhe i \u00e7organizimit t\u00eb saj shtet\u00ebror, do t\u00eb ngrinte pengesa t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, ekziston rreziku q\u00eb ajo t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqet n\u00eb luft\u00ebn e Ukrain\u00ebs. P\u00ebr shp\u00ebrthimet e fundit n\u00eb rajon, Moska ka akuzuar Kievin, duke krijuar potencialisht nj\u00eb pretekst p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrhyrje nga Rusia p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur rusisht-fol\u00ebsit n\u00eb Transnistria.<\/p>\n
E nj\u00ebjta skem\u00eb e Putinit q\u00eb e kemi par\u00eb n\u00eb Donbas. N\u00eb vitin 2008, NATO tha se Gjeorgjia mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhej an\u00ebtare n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen, me kushtin q\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdonte p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr reforma. Edhe an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimi i mundsh\u00ebm i Ukrain\u00ebs n\u00eb NATO, do t\u00eb mbetet pezull n\u00eb pritje t\u00eb rezultatit t\u00eb luft\u00ebs aktuale.<\/p>\n
Presidenti Volodymyr Zelensky, ka pasur nj\u00eb qasje me pragmatike. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr nga hyrja n\u00eb NATO, por ka paraqitur nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb zyrtare p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimin e vendit n\u00eb BE. Shum\u00eb vende t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb e kan\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar q\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs t\u2019i jepet statusi i vendit kandidatit, por t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt kan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb ton m\u00eb t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n
Presidenti francez, Emmanuel Macron, \u00ebsht\u00eb shprehur se nisja e procedurave t\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimit me nj\u00eb vend n\u00eb luft\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb pamundura. Edhe kryeministri holandez, Mark Rutte, ka th\u00ebn\u00eb se nuk mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb \u201cprocedur\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar\u201d. Shtetet e tjera an\u00ebtare jan\u00eb t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuara p\u00ebr korrupsionin dhe gjendjen e ekonomis\u00eb ukrainase.<\/p>\n
Pra, duke pasur parasysh nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr unanimitet, p\u00ebrgjigja edhe nj\u00eb \u201cpo\u201d, por jo tani. Sigurisht, nd\u00ebrsa an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimi i Ukrain\u00ebs n\u00eb klubet per\u00ebndimore mbetet pezull, Zelensky ka probleme m\u00eb urgjente me t\u00eb cilat duhet t\u00eb merret.<\/p>\n
Ivor Roberts \u201cThe New European\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb, diplomati i shquar amerikan George Kennan analizoi shum\u00eb sakt\u00eb motivet dhe perspektiv\u00ebn politike q\u00eb kishin sovjetik\u00ebt. Kennan tha se ato ishin nj\u00eb kombinim i ideologjis\u00eb komuniste, pasiguris\u00eb tradicionale ruse, dhe i ekspansionizmit carist. Vladimir Putin e ka trash\u00ebguar plot\u00ebsisht at\u00eb mend\u00ebsi dhe qasje. Besimi i tij ideologjik se shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":12235,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12234","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-bota"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12234","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12234"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12234\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12235"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12234"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12234"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}