{"id":125649,"date":"2025-10-14T15:11:19","date_gmt":"2025-10-14T15:11:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=125649"},"modified":"2025-10-14T15:11:19","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T15:11:19","slug":"arritjet-dhe-sfidat-e-bankes-se-shqiperise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/2025\/10\/14\/arritjet-dhe-sfidat-e-bankes-se-shqiperise\/","title":{"rendered":"Arritjet dhe sfidat e Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nga Bujar Leskaj<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb dit\u00ebt e sotme, sfida m\u00eb e madhe p\u00ebr bankat qendrore kudo n\u00eb bot\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb frenojn\u00eb rritjen e inflacionit, pa shkaktuar r\u00ebnie ekonomike. Teoria dhe praktika bot\u00ebrore sugjerojn\u00eb se q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebria e \u00e7mimeve \u00ebsht\u00eb kontributi m\u00eb i madh q\u00eb nj\u00eb bank\u00eb qendrore mund t\u00eb jap\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur rritjen afatgjat\u00eb ekonomike t\u00eb vendit t\u00eb vet. Ne duhet t\u2019i besojm\u00eb dhe t\u00eb vler\u00ebsojm\u00eb kontributin e bank\u00ebs qendrore t\u00eb vendit n\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e kuadrit makroprudencial t\u00eb vendit. Sigurisht q\u00eb ka ende shum\u00eb hap\u00ebsira p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar pun\u00ebn dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtuar kontributin n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje si lufta kund\u00ebr pastrimit t\u00eb parave dhe kontributi m\u00eb i qen\u00ebsish\u00ebm ndaj ndihm\u00ebs p\u00ebr eksportuesit shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb mallrave.<\/p>\n

Lufta kund\u00ebr pastrimit t\u00eb parave<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket \u00e7\u00ebshtjes s\u00eb par\u00eb, BSH kontribuoi ndjesh\u00ebm, duke nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb ndryshimesh ligjore dhe n\u00ebnligjore q\u00eb synojn\u00eb p\u00ebrputhjen e plot\u00eb me standardet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Task Forc\u00ebs Financiare (Financial Action task Force, FATF) dhe Bashkimit Europian. N\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, u p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuan rregulloret mbi parandalimin e pastrimit t\u00eb parave dhe financimit t\u00eb terrorizmit, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb ndarjen e p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsive nd\u00ebrmjet bankave, institucioneve financiare jobankare dhe autoriteteve mbik\u00ebqyr\u00ebse.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuad\u00ebr, Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb forcoi kontrollet mbi klient\u00ebt bankar\u00eb, procedurat e raportimit t\u00eb transaksioneve t\u00eb dyshimta dhe standardet p\u00ebr menaxhimin e rrezikut. Nj\u00eb v\u00ebmendje e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb iu kushtua vler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb risqeve q\u00eb vijn\u00eb nga teknologjit\u00eb e reja financiare dhe nga p\u00ebrdorimi i kriptomonedhave, duke u siguruar q\u00eb sistemi bankar shqiptar t\u00eb mbetet i mbrojtur ndaj kanaleve t\u00eb pastrimit t\u00eb parave p\u00ebrmes mjeteve dixhitale.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrmes k\u00ebtyre mekanizmave, Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ka garantuar q\u00eb bankat tregtare t\u00eb jen\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjshme p\u00ebr detyrimet e tyre ligjore, por edhe t\u00eb pajisura me kapacitete reale p\u00ebr identifikimin dhe raportimin e transaksioneve t\u00eb dyshimta. BSH publikoi gjat\u00eb vitit 2024 Udh\u00ebzuesin Praktik p\u00ebr Menaxhimin e Risqeve t\u00eb Pastrimit t\u00eb Parave, q\u00eb ndihmon bankat t\u00eb vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb me sakt\u00ebsi profilet e klient\u00ebve, burimin e fondeve dhe rrjedh\u00ebn e transaksioneve. Ky dokument u cil\u00ebsua nga Moneyval si nj\u00eb praktik\u00eb e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr vendet e rajonit.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr element i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm gjat\u00eb vitit t\u00eb kaluar ishte rishikimi i procedurave t\u00eb mbik\u00ebqyrjes n\u00eb baz\u00eb risku (Risk-Based Supervision), q\u00eb i mund\u00ebsoi Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendroj\u00eb burimet dhe kontrollin tek institucionet me ekspozim m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb ndaj rrezikut t\u00eb pastrimit t\u00eb parave. Luft\u00ebn kund\u00ebr pastrimit t\u00eb parave e ka detyr\u00eb kryesore Drejtoria e Parandalimit t\u00eb Pastrimit t\u00eb Parave, e cila \u201cka d\u00ebshtuar me sukses\u201d edhe gjat\u00eb vitit 2024, duke mos raportuar qoft\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb rast t\u00eb vet\u00ebm t\u00eb identifikuar apo t\u00eb kapur t\u00eb aktivitetit t\u00eb pastrimit t\u00eb parave, nj\u00eb fakt q\u00eb ka ngritur pik\u00ebpyetje serioze mbi efektivitetin e mekanizmave institucional\u00eb dhe t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimit nd\u00ebrmjet strukturave t\u00eb shtetit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ndikimi politik n\u00eb BSH<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, z\u00ebrat p\u00ebr presione p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrhyrje politike t\u00eb sektit Rama n\u00eb pun\u00ebn dhe drejtimet strategjike t\u00eb Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb jan\u00eb shtuar. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb zhvillim q\u00eb meriton v\u00ebmendje dhe reagim publik. Nd\u00ebrhyrja e qeveris\u00eb n\u00eb politikat monetare apo n\u00eb vendimmarrjet e pavarura t\u00eb BSH nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht shkelje ligjore. Ajo p\u00ebrb\u00ebn rrezik real p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare. Bankat qendrore nuk krijohen p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushur objektiva elektorale, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur balancat makroekonomike dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb garantuar besimin n\u00eb monedh\u00ebn komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n

Sekti Rama stimulon pastrimin e parave n\u00eb vend, p\u00ebrmes sektorit t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit dhe sektorit real estate. N\u00eb momentin q\u00eb qeveria tenton t\u00eb orientoj\u00eb kursin e politik\u00ebs monetare drejt nevojave t\u00eb saj buxhetore apo fiskale, ekuilibri i tregut prishet dhe tregjet humbasin besimin. P\u00ebrvoja nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare e ka treguar qart\u00eb: aty ku pushteti ekzekutiv ka v\u00ebn\u00eb dor\u00eb mbi bankat qendrore, pasojat negative kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb menj\u00ebhershme. T\u00eb tilla si inflacion i lart\u00eb, dob\u00ebsim i monedh\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare dhe ulje e investimeve t\u00eb huaja. Shqip\u00ebria nuk mund t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebriten skenar\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Prandaj, \u00e7do sinjal i ndikimit politik n\u00eb Bank\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ndeshet me transparenc\u00eb, reagim publik dhe mbrojtje t\u00eb ligjshm\u00ebris\u00eb. Pavar\u00ebsia e k\u00ebtij institucioni \u00ebsht\u00eb interes komb\u00ebtar. Opozita duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb e kujdesshme dhe t\u00eb promovoj\u00eb dhe mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Duke qen\u00eb se lufta kund\u00ebr pastrimit t\u00eb parave \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb proces i pand\u00ebrprer\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon vigjilenc\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdueshme, sprova e ardhshme e BSH-s\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb institucioni ta shnd\u00ebrroj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sfid\u00eb, n\u00eb nj\u00eb komponent thelb\u00ebsor t\u00eb stabilitetit financiar dhe integritetit t\u00eb tregut bankat dhe financiar t\u00eb vendit, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb nj\u00eb partner t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr sistemin financiar evropian.<\/p>\n

Mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr eksportuesit dhe tregun valutor<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket \u00e7\u00ebshtjes s\u00eb dyt\u00eb, t\u00eb p\u00ebrballimit t\u00eb problemeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb mbi\u00e7mimi i ndjesh\u00ebm i lekut ka shkaktuar tek eksportuesit tan\u00eb t\u00eb mallrave, n\u00eb kushtet aktuale, ndoshta nd\u00ebrhyrjet selektive n\u00eb tregun e k\u00ebmbimit valutor, jo p\u00ebr t\u00eb manipuluar kursin, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbutur luhatjet e tep\u00ebrta, mund t\u00eb ishin nj\u00eb instrument legjitim dhe i justifikuar ekonomikisht.<\/p>\n

Po ashtu, nj\u00eb politik\u00eb m\u00eb aktive e blerjes s\u00eb valut\u00ebs mund t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen e rezervave nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe n\u00eb frenimin e presionit p\u00ebr mbi\u00e7mim, pa c\u00ebnuar stabilitetin monetar t\u00eb vendit. BSH, edhe pse e ka propozuar, por pa gjetur mb\u00ebshtjetjen e eksportuesve, mund t\u00eb nxis\u00eb ofrimin me m\u00eb forc\u00eb bind\u00ebse t\u00eb produkteve t\u00eb posa\u00e7me financiare p\u00ebr mbrojtjen nga rreziku i kursit t\u00eb k\u00ebmbimit (hedging instruments), n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me bankat tregtare, duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb eksportuesve nj\u00eb mjet konkret p\u00ebr t\u2019u mbrojtur nga luhatjet.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr fush\u00eb ku BSH mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb rol m\u00eb t\u00eb madh \u00ebsht\u00eb komunikimi publik dhe transparenca mbi pritshm\u00ebrit\u00eb valutore. N\u00eb tregje t\u00eb vogla si ky i yni, pritshm\u00ebrit\u00eb shpesh kan\u00eb po aq ndikim sa realiteti ekonomik. Sinjalet e qarta p\u00ebr politikat monetare, p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrhyrjet e mundshme t\u00eb BSH dhe p\u00ebr vler\u00ebsimin real t\u00eb kursit do t\u00eb ndihmonin bizneset t\u00eb planifikonin m\u00eb sakt\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse 2024-a ishte viti i konsolidimit t\u00eb rezultateve, vitet n\u00eb vijim pritet t\u00eb jen\u00eb periudha e thellimit t\u00eb digjitalizimit dhe bashk\u00ebpunimit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, ku roli i Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u00eb mbetet p\u00ebrcaktues p\u00ebr garantimin e nj\u00eb sistemi financiar t\u00eb past\u00ebr, t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me standardet globale.<\/p>\n

Sfida kryesore: mbajtja e inflacionit n\u00ebn kontroll<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb gjykimin tim, sfida num\u00ebr nj\u00eb e Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb fundvit dhe vitin n\u00eb vijim, mbetet si p\u00ebrher\u00eb, mbajtja e inflacionit n\u00ebn kontroll. Edhe pse inflacioni mujor n\u00eb baza vjetore \u00ebsht\u00eb ulur ndjesh\u00ebm, presionet inflacioniste nga jasht\u00eb vendit q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb kostante dhe baza e presionit mbi \u00e7mimet nga brenda vendit, sidomos ato ushqimore dhe baz\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjeruar, pavar\u00ebsisht se n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb moderuar.<\/p>\n

Gjykoj se Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ka vepruar gjat\u00eb vitit t\u00eb kaluar brenda korniz\u00ebs s\u00eb saj ligjore, me p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi e profesionaliz\u00ebm, duke p\u00ebrmbushur objektivat e saj t\u00eb stabilitetit t\u00eb \u00e7mimeve dhe t\u00eb stabilitetit financiar. Institucioni duhet t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb politik\u00ebn e kujdesshme t\u00eb normalizimit monetar dhe t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr zhvillimin e tregjeve financiare n\u00eb vend, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb leht\u00ebsimin e qasjes n\u00eb kredi p\u00ebr bizneset e vogla dhe mesatare.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nga Bujar Leskaj N\u00eb dit\u00ebt e sotme, sfida m\u00eb e madhe p\u00ebr bankat qendrore kudo n\u00eb bot\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb frenojn\u00eb rritjen e inflacionit, pa shkaktuar r\u00ebnie ekonomike. Teoria dhe praktika bot\u00ebrore sugjerojn\u00eb se q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebria e \u00e7mimeve \u00ebsht\u00eb kontributi m\u00eb i madh q\u00eb nj\u00eb bank\u00eb qendrore mund t\u00eb jap\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur rritjen afatgjat\u00eb ekonomike t\u00eb …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":31036,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-125649","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-editorial"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/125649","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=125649"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/125649\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":125650,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/125649\/revisions\/125650"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31036"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=125649"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=125649"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=125649"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}