{"id":13430,"date":"2022-05-25T15:53:32","date_gmt":"2022-05-25T15:53:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=13430"},"modified":"2022-05-25T15:53:32","modified_gmt":"2022-05-25T15:53:32","slug":"shuplaka-e-fmn-ndaj-sektit-rama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/2022\/05\/25\/shuplaka-e-fmn-ndaj-sektit-rama\/","title":{"rendered":"Shuplaka e FMN ndaj sektit Rama"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nga\u00a0Bujar LESKAJ<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pas vizit\u00ebs s\u00eb tij nj\u00eb-javore n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri n\u00eb datat 12-19 maj 2022, n\u00eb deklarat\u00ebn p\u00ebrmbyll\u00ebse m\u00eb 19 maj, Misioni i Fondit Monetar theksoi se \u201cDuke marr\u00eb parasysh sfidat e bordit t\u00eb transparenc\u00ebs q\u00eb monitoron \u00e7mimet e disa artikujve ushqimor\u00eb baz\u00eb, ne e shohim me vend z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimin e tij me mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb mir\u00eb-orientuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb varfrit dhe shtresat e ekspozuara, me q\u00ebllim mbrojtjen e tyre nga efektet e rritjes s\u00eb \u00e7mimeve.\u00a0P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e sistemit t\u00eb mbrojtjes sociale n\u00eb vend duhet t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb dhe zgjerimin e mbulimit t\u00eb shtres\u00ebs s\u00eb varf\u00ebr dhe n\u00eb nevoj\u00eb n\u00eb sektorin informal\u201d (Paragrafi i tret\u00eb i Deklarat\u00ebs,\u00a0https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2022\/05\/19\/pr22161-imf-staff-concludes-a-staff-visit-to-albania<\/a>).<\/p>\n

K\u00ebrkesa e FMN-s\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mbyllen bordet e transparenc\u00ebs p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb shuplak\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb ndaj qeverisjes me borde n\u00eb tregje t\u00eb caktuara jet\u00ebsore p\u00ebr qytetarin dhe ekonomin\u00eb, praktik\u00eb q\u00eb nuk e zbaton asnj\u00eb vend n\u00eb rajonin ton\u00eb dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e rrall\u00eb n\u00eb kontinentin evropian e m\u00eb tej.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb muaj m\u00eb par\u00eb, m\u00eb dat\u00ebn 20 prill, kam k\u00ebrkuar n\u00eb Kuvend dhe n\u00eb media mbylljen e menj\u00ebhershme t\u00eb bordeve t\u00eb transparenc\u00ebs n\u00eb tregjet e ushqimeve baz\u00eb dhe t\u00eb karburanteve, si struktura q\u00eb (i) kufizojn\u00eb vendimarrjen e bizneseve nga faza e e prodhimit deri te faza e tregtimit; (ii) sjellin munges\u00eb t\u00eb theksuar likuiditeti, (iii) rritjen e borxheve t\u00eb brendshme mes bizneseve, (iv) . p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsim t\u00eb situat\u00ebs financiare t\u00eb tyre dhe (v) r\u00ebndim t\u00eb zinxhirit t\u00eb furnizimit, sidomos p\u00ebr mallrat baz\u00eb t\u00eb shport\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Fondi Monetar Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar k\u00ebrkoi z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimin e Bordit t\u00eb Transparenc\u00ebs q\u00eb monitoron \u00e7mimet e disa artikujve ushqimor\u00eb baz\u00eb, me struktura dhe programe mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr t\u00eb varfrit dhe shtresat e pambrojtura, duke kryer rishp\u00ebrndarjen e t\u00eb ardhurave buxhetore brenda vitit ushtrimor 2022.<\/p>\n

A ka mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb kryej\u00eb rishp\u00ebrndarjen e t\u00eb ardhurave sekti Rama?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Po. Mund\u00ebsit\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr periudh\u00ebn janar-prill 2022, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb ndjeshme t\u00eb \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb produkteve t\u00eb konsumit t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, t\u00eb ardhurat nga tatimet dhe doganat u rrit\u00ebn me 33.2 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb, ose 277 milion\u00eb euro m\u00eb shum\u00eb se periudha janar-prill 2021 (https:\/\/www.financa.gov.al\/permbledhje-e-performances-paraprake-4-mujore-te-te-ardhurave-dhe-shpenzimeve-2\/). Sipas raportit t\u00eb Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Financave dhe Ekonomis\u00eb, t\u00eb ardhurat doganore u shtuan me 12.7 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb ose 24% m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 4 mujori i par\u00eb 2021. T\u00eb ardhurat nga\u00a0TVSH n\u00eb import\u00a0p\u00ebr 4 mujorin janar-prill 2022 rezultojn\u00eb me 10.7 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb ose 29.7 % m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb. N\u00eb shifra t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb larta vijon lista e t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb shtuara edhe nga vjelja e taksave t\u00eb tjera, si akciza, renta minerare dhe taksat doganore.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, sekti Rama nuk b\u00ebzan dhe nuk l\u00ebviz. Q\u00eb n\u00eb gjenez\u00eb t\u00eb tij 9 vite m\u00eb par\u00eb, ai nuk ka qen\u00eb i gatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb p\u00ebrfill\u00eb asnj\u00ebher\u00eb orientimin p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndoshjen e financave publike, t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb nga gjykimet profesionale t\u00eb misioneve t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb Fondit Monetar Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, k\u00ebtij organizimi nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar prestigjoz. Sekti nuk ka nd\u00ebrmend t\u00eb kryej\u00eb rishp\u00ebrndarjen n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebrve dhe shtresave n\u00eb nevoj\u00eb, sikurse e k\u00ebshillon FMN, megjith\u00eb paket\u00ebn jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb vog\u00ebl dhe t\u00eb pamjaftueshme t\u00eb ndihm\u00ebs q\u00eb dha n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb marsit 2022, q\u00eb me t\u00eb drejt\u00eb u quajt paket\u00eb e l\u00ebmosh\u00ebs sociale.<\/p>\n

Ja p\u00ebrse, si Banka Bot\u00ebrore dhe FMN e klasifikojn\u00eb ndihm\u00ebn e dh\u00ebn\u00eb nga qeveria e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb gjat\u00eb pandemis\u00eb dhe kriz\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb \u00e7mimeve, t\u00eb agravuar nga invazioni i Putin mbi Ukrain\u00ebn pas 24 shkurtit 2022, si m\u00eb t\u00eb ult\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjitha vendeve t\u00eb Ballkanit JugPer\u00ebndimor, n\u00eb raport me Prodhimin e P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm Bruto t\u00eb vendit, prodhimin komb\u00ebtar.<\/p>\n

Pse nuk i ndihmon qytetar\u00ebt n\u00eb nevoj\u00eb sekti Rama?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sipas FMN, ekonomia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb po p\u00ebrballet me presionet q\u00eb vijn\u00eb si pasoj\u00eb e luft\u00ebs n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, p\u00ebrmes rritjes s\u00eb menj\u00ebhershme t\u00eb \u00e7mimeve dhe shtr\u00ebngimit t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb kushteve financiare globale.<\/p>\n

FMN cil\u00ebson se sektori publik do t\u00eb p\u00ebrballet me kosto m\u00eb t\u00eb larta t\u00eb financimit t\u00eb huaj p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga mesazhet kryesore t\u00eb Fondit Monetar Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, n\u00eb p\u00ebrmbyllje t\u00eb vizit\u00ebs se misionit te tij n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij muaji. Fondi theksoi se kursimi i t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb mundshme buxhetore t\u00eb mbledhura mbi planin, si dhe konsolidimi i besuesh\u00ebm nga kahu i t\u00eb ardhurave n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn afatmesme, jan\u00eb thelb\u00ebsore p\u00ebr rikrijimin e hap\u00ebsirave t\u00eb nevojshme p\u00ebr politik\u00ebn fiskale.<\/p>\n

Mir\u00ebpo sekti Rama nuk d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb nevoj\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e popullsis\u00eb.\u00a0 Ai ka \u201cboll pun\u00eb\u201d me favorizimin e bizneseve kliente t\u00eb tij dhe mbizot\u00ebruese n\u00eb treg, me realizimin e investimeve publike q\u00eb ndihmojn\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn, komplekset e vilave dhe qendrat e m\u00ebdha tregtare t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre bizneseve, si dhe me vijimin pa kufizim t\u00eb shpenzimeve t\u00eb luksit dhe t\u00eb fasadave t\u00eb administrat\u00ebs publike.<\/p>\n

FMN k\u00ebrkon p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi t\u00eb reja t\u00eb buxhetit p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt dhe ekonomin\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb paragrafin e kat\u00ebrt t\u00eb Deklarat\u00ebs s\u00eb 19 majit, FMN n\u00ebnvizon se \u201cBuxheti i vitit 2022 (i rishikuar n\u00eb mars) ofron tashm\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur njer\u00ebzit dhe ekonomin\u00eb. Prandaj, \u00e7do e ardhur shtes\u00eb p\u00ebrtej asaj q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb parashikuar aktualisht n\u00eb buxhet, duhet t\u00eb kursehet p\u00ebr t\u00eb rind\u00ebrtuar hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn p\u00ebr manovra politike. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb kritike, pasi kostot e financimit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm jan\u00eb rritur ndjesh\u00ebm dhe mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb vazhdimisht m\u00eb t\u00eb larta. Prandaj, sektori publik duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitet p\u00ebr t\u00eb jetuar brenda kushteve t\u00eb jashtme m\u00eb t\u00eb shtr\u00ebnguara. Mb\u00ebshtetja shtes\u00eb e p\u00ebrkohshme, e synuar dhe e diskutuar m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, dhe \u00e7do kosto potencialisht m\u00eb e lart\u00eb e prokurimit ose e pun\u00ebs publike, duke pasur parasysh rritjen e \u00e7mimeve, duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbahet brenda zarfit ekzistues t\u00eb shpenzimeve buxhetore p\u00ebrmes ri-prioritizimit… Rregullime graduale t\u00eb tarifave jan\u00eb t\u00eb nevojshme dhe duhet t\u00eb plot\u00ebsohen me masa q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtesin t\u00eb varf\u00ebrit dhe t\u00eb pambrojturit\u201d.<\/p>\n

Asgj\u00eb nuk ka nd\u00ebrmend t\u00eb plot\u00ebsoj\u00eb sekti Rama n\u00eb qeverisje! Ai nuk ka nd\u00ebrmend t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsoj\u00eb bordet e transparenc\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilat po prishin balancat e brishta t\u00eb tregjeve aktuale, me ritmin e nj\u00eb elefanti n\u00eb nj\u00eb dyqan qelqurinash, duke favorizuar bizneset kliente t\u00eb Ram\u00ebs, p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur ndikimin e tyre n\u00eb treg, si dhe duke rrezikuar v\u00ebrshimin e paras\u00eb informale.<\/p>\n

A ka drit\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb tunelit? Si ndihmohen qytetar\u00ebt<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb kushtet e ekonomis\u00eb son\u00eb me sistem financiar jo t\u00eb zhvilluar, me sektor\u00eb ende n\u00eb ristrukturim dhe me pamund\u00ebsi t\u00eb politikave subvencionuese, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb qasjes shkat\u00ebrruese t\u00eb qeverisjes Rama me koncesionet dhe PPP-t\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb zgjidhje n\u00eb v\u00ebnien n\u00eb funksion t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb institucioneve monitoruese dhe ligjzbatuese te rregullave te tregtise se lire ne tregjet tona, t\u00eb cilat jane anashkaluar nga bordet dhe duhet te kene ndikimin e tyre t\u00eb madh n\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb si kjo q\u00eb po kalojm\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, pjes\u00eb plot\u00ebsuese e zgjidhjes mund dhe duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb politik\u00eb tatimore nxit\u00ebse dhe leht\u00ebsuese, por me rezerva t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb kushtet e informalitetit.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebt\u00eb zgjidhje propozon edhe Deklarata e FMN-s\u00eb, kur cil\u00ebson se \u201cNj\u00eb konsolidim fiskal afatmes\u00ebm i besuesh\u00ebm dhe i bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat \u00ebsht\u00eb tani edhe m\u00eb vendimtar p\u00ebr t\u00eb rind\u00ebrtuar amortizatoret e politik\u00ebs fiskale, te cilet jan\u00eb dob\u00ebsuar n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe. Borxhi publik dhe, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht, k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr financim bruto duhet t\u00eb ulet, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb ekonomia vazhdon t\u00eb sh\u00ebnoj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb mir\u00eb. (Po aty, paragrafi i gjasht\u00eb,\u00a0https:\/\/www.imf.org\/en\/News\/Articles\/2022\/05\/19\/pr22161-imf-staff-concludes-a-staff-visit-to-albania<\/a>).<\/p>\n

Po pse \u00ebsht\u00eb i paaft\u00eb sekti Rama t\u00eb realizoj\u00eb k\u00ebshill\u00ebn e FMN-s\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb konsolidim fiskal afatmes\u00ebm, t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat? Sepse, edhe pse ka nj\u00eb shtim t\u00eb ardhurash p\u00ebr kat\u00ebrmujorin prej 277 milion\u00eb eurosh, ai e ka g\u00ebrryer kaq shum\u00eb baz\u00ebn e taksapaguesve me p\u00ebrjashtimet nga taksat, duke ushtruar diktatin e ekonomis\u00eb s\u00eb vot\u00ebs, saq\u00eb e ka t\u00eb pamundur t\u00eb rikthej\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb drejt\u00eb dhe t\u00eb moralsh\u00ebm taksimi. N\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt, me miratimin e ndryshimeve n\u00eb ligjin \u201cTatimi mbi te Ardhurat\u201d m\u00eb 1 qershor 2022 dhe me targetimin e profesioneve te lira,\u00a0 qytetar\u00ebt si profesionist\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur dhe klient\u00ebt e tyre mund t\u00eb lundrojn\u00eb n\u00eb sfida t\u00eb rrezikshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e tyre.<\/p>\n

Sistemi i ri do t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb pasiguri dhe kaos n\u00eb strukturat e bineseve. Mungesa e p\u00ebrgjegjshm\u00ebrise p\u00ebr tatimpaguesit do t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthehet n\u00eb humbje t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme t\u00eb besimit te sistemi dhe tek ndjeshm\u00ebria e qeveris\u00eb n\u00eb trajtimin e barabart\u00eb t\u00eb tatimpaguesve, n\u00eb zbatimin e taksave neutrale dhe t\u00eb nj\u00eb sistemi q\u00eb bazohet tek drejt\u00ebsia tatimore.<\/p>\n

Kjo nism\u00eb do t\u00eb forcoj\u00eb kapacitetet e korrupsionit dhe hap\u00ebsirat p\u00ebr kryerjen e tij, pse profesionist\u00ebt e lir\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrballen me tre alternativa: (i) t\u00eb punojn\u00eb sa t\u00eb munden si informal\u00eb, (ii)\u00a0 t\u00eb largohen si emigrant\u00eb ose (iii) t\u00eb rregjistrohen si biznese t\u00eb tjera, duke paguar n\u00ebn dor\u00eb p\u00ebr \u201csh\u00ebrbimin\u201d.<\/p>\n

Targetimi i profesioneve t\u00eb lira ka ndikim negativ t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb ndaj pjes\u00ebs m\u00eb vitale t\u00eb sektorit te sh\u00ebrbimeve, duke ndikuar edhe n\u00eb tkurrje t\u00eb 12-14 p\u00ebrqind t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb p\u00ebr bizneset e vogla dhe duke l\u00ebn\u00eb hap\u00ebsira p\u00ebr t\u2019u shfryt\u00ebzuar nga bizneset e m\u00ebdha.<\/p>\n

Kjo politik\u00eb fiskale \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb shkelje t\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebs duke b\u00ebr\u00eb diferencim dhe diskrimin p\u00ebrpara ligjit t\u00eb nj\u00eb kategorie t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve, duke favorizuar nj\u00eb profesion dhe sektor dhe duke trajtuar ndryshe nj\u00eb profesion dhe sektor tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

S\u00eb fundi por jo pak m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, taksimi i profesioneve t\u00eb lira prish parimet e sistemit fiskal dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me taksimin e ndersh\u00ebm, q\u00eb kush fiton m\u00eb shum\u00eb paguan m\u00eb shum\u00eb, pasi n\u00eb fakt kjo politik\u00eb e gabuar fiskale do t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb shmangie t\u00eb tjera dhe evazion fiskal.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nga\u00a0Bujar LESKAJ Pas vizit\u00ebs s\u00eb tij nj\u00eb-javore n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri n\u00eb datat 12-19 maj 2022, n\u00eb deklarat\u00ebn p\u00ebrmbyll\u00ebse m\u00eb 19 maj, Misioni i Fondit Monetar theksoi se \u201cDuke marr\u00eb parasysh sfidat e bordit t\u00eb transparenc\u00ebs q\u00eb monitoron \u00e7mimet e disa artikujve ushqimor\u00eb baz\u00eb, ne e shohim me vend z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimin e tij me mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb mir\u00eb-orientuar p\u00ebr …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3523,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-editorial"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13430"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13430\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3523"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}