{"id":156361,"date":"2026-10-12T14:37:24","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T14:37:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=156361"},"modified":"2026-10-12T16:54:35","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T16:54:35","slug":"nobelistet-per-ekonomine-2026-mesime-themelore-per-ekonomine-e-mbare-botes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/2026\/10\/12\/nobelistet-per-ekonomine-2026-mesime-themelore-per-ekonomine-e-mbare-botes\/","title":{"rendered":"Nobelist\u00ebt p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb 2026: m\u00ebsime themelore p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb e mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>Nga Bujar Leskaj<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7mimi \u201cNobel\u201d i Ekonomis\u00eb p\u00ebr vitin 2026 iu \u00ebsht\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb ekonomist\u00ebve Robert Hall dhe Michael Woodford, studjues t\u00eb njohur amerikan\u00eb, kontributet e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve lidhen me tema t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb makroekonomis\u00eb moderne.<\/p>\n<p>Kontributet e tyre shkencore ofrojn\u00eb nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb vlefshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar pse studimi i krizave, pritshm\u00ebrive dhe i politik\u00ebs monetare \u00ebsht\u00eb kaq i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb e sotme bot\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>I. Robert E. Hall,<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>studjuesi i thell\u00eb i konsumit, papun\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe cikleve ekonomike <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-156370\" src=\"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/hall-2-259x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"231\" height=\"268\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/hall-2-259x300.png 259w, https:\/\/rdnews.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/hall-2.png 333w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 231px) 100vw, 231px\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>Robert E. Hall<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ekonomist amerikan Robert E. Hall \u00ebsht\u00eb studjues i njohur i konsumit, papun\u00ebsis\u00eb, cikleve ekonomike dhe m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs se si familjet e bizneset reagojn\u00eb ndaj ndryshimeve t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave, interesave t\u00eb paras\u00eb dhe kushteve ekonomike.<\/p>\n<p>Puna e tij ka ndihmuar n\u00eb zhvillimin e m\u00ebnyrave m\u00eb t\u00eb avancuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar se si funksionon ekonomia dhe pse periudhat e rritjes ekonomike mund t\u00eb pasohen nga ngadal\u00ebsimi ose tkurrja.<\/p>\n<p>Kontributi i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr analiz\u00ebn e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrmjet pun\u00ebsimit, t\u00eb ardhurave, shpenzimeve t\u00eb familjeve dhe vendimeve t\u00eb bizneseve.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb nga fushat kryesore t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb Hall \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00ebnyra se si funksionon tregu i pun\u00ebs. Pun\u00ebsimi dhe papun\u00ebsia nuk varen vet\u00ebm nga numri i vendeve t\u00eb lira t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, por edhe nga m\u00ebnyra se si pun\u00ebk\u00ebrkuesit dhe pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit takohen, negociojn\u00eb dhe marrin vendime.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb praktik\u00eb, nj\u00eb ekonomi mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht biznese q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb punonj\u00ebs dhe njer\u00ebz q\u00eb nuk arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb pun\u00eb. Kjo ndodh sepse aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e k\u00ebrkuara nuk p\u00ebrputhen gjithmon\u00eb me ato q\u00eb zot\u00ebrojn\u00eb pun\u00ebk\u00ebrkuesit, vendet e pun\u00ebs mund t\u00eb ndodhen n\u00eb zona t\u00eb tjera ose pagat dhe kushtet e pun\u00ebs mund t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrputhen me pritshm\u00ebrit\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Studimet e Hall ndihmojn\u00eb n\u00eb analizimin e k\u00ebtyre mekanizmave dhe t\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs se si funksionon tregu i pun\u00ebs, edhe kur ekonomia nuk ndodhet n\u00eb recesion. Kjo ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb madhe praktike p\u00ebr p\u00ebr qeverit\u00eb, pasi kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se ulja e papun\u00ebsis\u00eb nuk arrihet vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes krijimit t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb reja t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Nevojiten edhe arsimim profesional, aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatura me k\u00ebrkesat e bizneseve, informacion m\u00eb i mir\u00eb p\u00ebr tregun e pun\u00ebs dhe politika q\u00eb leht\u00ebsojn\u00eb p\u00ebrputhjen e punonj\u00ebsve me vendet e lira.<\/p>\n<p>Studjuesi ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb ndihm\u00ebn e tij n\u00eb analiz\u00ebn e luhatjeve ekonomike dhe t\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs se si ndryshimet n\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb, produktivitet dhe vendimet e aktor\u00ebve ekonomik\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb aktivitetin e p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb nga kontributet e njohura t\u00eb Robert Hall lidhet me teorin\u00eb e konsumit dhe me m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si familjet vendosin t\u00eb shpenzojn\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat e tyre. N\u00eb studimin e tij t\u00eb vitit 1978, \u201c<em>Stochastic Implications of the Life Cycle-Permanent Income Hypothesis: Theory and Evidence(n\u00eb shqip, Implikimet Stokastike t\u00eb Ciklit t\u00eb Jet\u00ebs-Hipoteza e t\u00eb Ardhur\u00ebs Permanente: Teori dhe Evidenca)<\/em>\u201d, Hall analizoi pasojat e hipotez\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme dhe t\u00eb modelit t\u00eb ciklit jet\u00ebsor, p\u00ebr sjelljen e konsumator\u00ebve.<\/p>\n<p>Ideja themelore \u00ebsht\u00eb se familjet nuk i p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb shpenzimet e tyre vet\u00ebm nga paga q\u00eb marrin sot. Ato marrin parasysh edhe t\u00eb ardhurat q\u00eb presin t\u00eb ken\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen, pasurin\u00eb, kursimet dhe pasigurin\u00eb p\u00ebr situat\u00ebn ekonomike.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr fush\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb Hall \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00ebnyra se si funksionojn\u00eb tregjet dhe si p\u00ebrcaktohen \u00e7mimet e pagat.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb nj\u00eb treg pune plot\u00ebsisht konkurrues, pagat dhe pun\u00ebsimi do t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtateshin sipas ofert\u00ebs dhe k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs. N\u00eb realitet, procesi \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb kompleks: pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit dhe punonj\u00ebsit kan\u00eb informacion t\u00eb paplot\u00eb, k\u00ebrkimi i pun\u00ebs k\u00ebrkon koh\u00eb dhe marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e pun\u00ebs p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb kosto negociimi.<\/p>\n<p>Kuptimi i k\u00ebtyre kufizimeve ndihmon n\u00eb shpjegimin e arsyeve pse papun\u00ebsia mund t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb, edhe kur ekonomia fillon t\u00eb rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbet. P\u00ebr politik\u00ebb\u00ebr\u00ebsit, kjo n\u00ebnkupton se tregjet funksionale k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm rritje ekonomike, por edhe institucione efektive, transparenc\u00eb dhe mund\u00ebsi reale p\u00ebr l\u00ebvizjen e punonj\u00ebsve drejt vendeve ku aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e tyre p\u00ebrdoren m\u00eb mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>II. Michael Woodford: ekonomisti q\u00eb ndryshoi m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e t\u00eb kuptuarit t\u00eb politik\u00ebs monetare moderne<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-156371\" src=\"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/wod-2-274x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"263\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/wod-2-274x300.png 274w, https:\/\/rdnews.al\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/wod-2.png 333w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>Michael Woodford<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nobelisti tjet\u00ebr amerikan Michael Woodford p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb nga studjuesit kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb teoris\u00eb monetare moderne, me kontribut t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb shpjegimin e rolit t\u00eb pritshm\u00ebrive, normave t\u00eb interesit dhe komunikimit t\u00eb bankave qendrore.<\/p>\n<p>Michael Woodford \u00ebsht\u00eb profesor i ekonomis\u00eb politike n\u00eb Universitetin Columbia n\u00eb Nju Jork dhe ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb kontribut t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb zhvillimin e modeleve q\u00eb shpjegojn\u00eb lidhjen nd\u00ebrmjet politik\u00ebs monetare, pritshm\u00ebrive t\u00eb publikut, inflacionit dhe aktivitetit ekonomik.<\/p>\n<p>Vepra e tij m\u00eb e njohur, <em>\u201cInterest and Prices: Foundations of a Theory of Monetary Policy (n\u00eb shqip, Interesat dhe \u00c7mimet: Themet e nj\u00eb Teorie t\u00eb Politik\u00ebs Monetare)<\/em>\u201d , botuar n\u00eb vitin 2003, konsiderohet nj\u00eb kontribut themelor n\u00eb literatur\u00ebn moderne t\u00eb politik\u00ebs monetare.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb nga idet\u00eb kryesore q\u00eb ndihmon t\u00eb kuptohet p\u00ebrmes pun\u00ebs s\u00eb Woodford \u00ebsht\u00eb se inflacioni nuk p\u00ebrcaktohet vet\u00ebm nga kostot aktuale t\u00eb prodhimit apo nga sasia e paras\u00eb n\u00eb qarkullim. Ai ndikohet edhe nga pritshm\u00ebrit\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen dhe nga m\u00ebnyra se si k\u00ebto pritshm\u00ebri p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb vendimet ekonomike.<\/p>\n<p>Woodford ka ndihmuar n\u00eb konsolidimin e qasjes sipas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs vendimet e bankave qendrore duhet t\u00eb analizohen jo vet\u00ebm n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet efekteve t\u00eb menj\u00ebhershme t\u00eb normave t\u00eb interesit, por edhe n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs se si k\u00ebto vendime ndikojn\u00eb tek pritshm\u00ebrit\u00eb e familjeve, bizneseve dhe tregjeve financiare.<\/p>\n<p>Kontributi i Michael Woodford n\u00eb teorin\u00eb monetare ndihmon t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se inflacioni nuk p\u00ebrcaktohet vet\u00ebm nga sasia e paras\u00eb apo nga kostot aktuale t\u00eb prodhimit. R\u00ebnd\u00ebsi kan\u00eb edhe pritshm\u00ebrit\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen. N\u00ebse bizneset presin rritje t\u00eb vazhdueshme t\u00eb kostove, mund t\u00eb rrisin \u00e7mimet. N\u00ebse punonj\u00ebsit presin inflacion m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb paga m\u00eb t\u00eb larta p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur fuqin\u00eb bler\u00ebse.<\/p>\n<p>Kur nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb thellohet, qeverit\u00eb detyrohen t\u00eb rrisin shpenzimet p\u00ebr ndihm\u00eb sociale, t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtesin sektor\u00ebt n\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi, ose t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyjn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur stabilitetin financiar. Gj\u00eb q\u00eb sekti Rama n\u00eb krye t\u00eb qeverisjes n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri nuk e ka b\u00ebr\u00eb, prandaj edhe jemi n\u00eb nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb permanente<\/p>\n<p>Nd\u00ebrhyrja n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e duhur, p\u00ebrmes politikave t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme monetare, fiskale dhe rregullatore, kufizon humbjet e vendeve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, falimentimet dhe r\u00ebnien e investimeve.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb ton\u00eb, kjo \u00e7\u00ebshtje ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb var\u00ebsis\u00eb nga importet, ndjeshm\u00ebris\u00eb ndaj \u00e7mimeve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, pesh\u00ebs s\u00eb turizmit, rolit t\u00eb remitancave dhe ndikimit t\u00eb kushteve financiare n\u00eb kreditimin e bizneseve e familjeve.<\/p>\n<p>Kontributet e Michael Woodford kan\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi edhe p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ekonomi t\u00eb vog\u00ebl dhe t\u00eb hapur si Shqip\u00ebria, ku \u00e7mimet e brendshme ndikohen ndjesh\u00ebm nga zhvillimet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. \u00c7mimet e naft\u00ebs, energjis\u00eb, ushqimeve dhe mallrave t\u00eb importuara mund t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb inflacionin vendas, edhe kur k\u00ebrkesa e brendshme nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb burimi kryesor i presionit mbi \u00e7mimet.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>xxx<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00eb dy k\u00ebrkuesit shkencor\u00eb u dalluan n\u00eb dy fusha q\u00eb plot\u00ebsojn\u00eb nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn: i pari p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si reagojn\u00eb konsumator\u00ebt dhe bizneset ndaj goditjeve ekonomike dhe i dyti, p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si mund t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb bankat qendrore mbi inflacionin, k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn dhe aktivitetin ekonomik.<\/p>\n<p>Teorit\u00eb e tyre jan\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb e sotme bot\u00ebrore, madje edhe p\u00ebr vendin ton\u00eb. Krizat financiare dhe ekonomike nuk shkaktohen vet\u00ebm nga mungesa e parave. Nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb mund t\u00eb nis\u00eb nga nj\u00eb goditje energjetike, nj\u00eb konflikt gjeopolitik, nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie e investimeve ose nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb financiare. Por p\u00ebrmasat e saj varen edhe nga reagimi i familjeve, bizneseve, bankave dhe qeverive. Prandaj, kuptimi i sjelljes ekonomike \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsor, p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar q\u00eb nj\u00eb problem i p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm t\u00eb shnd\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb kriz\u00eb t\u00eb zgjatur.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00eb dy studjuesit e shquar, tani nobelist\u00eb, na ndihmojn\u00eb t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se parandalimi i krizave \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb m\u00eb i lir\u00eb se p\u00ebrballimi i pasojave t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr politikat tona publike, kat\u00ebr m\u00ebsimet kryesore nga vepra e tyre e gjer\u00eb jan\u00eb q\u00eb (i) t\u00eb dallohen goditjet e p\u00ebrkohshme nga presionet e q\u00ebndrueshme inflacioniste; (ii) t\u00eb vler\u00ebsohet ndikimi mbi kredit\u00eb, investimet dhe aft\u00ebsin\u00eb paguese t\u00eb familjeve, (iii) t\u00eb analizohen t\u00eb ardhurat reale, kursimet dhe cenueshm\u00ebria e familjeve, si dhe (iv) t\u00eb rritet parashikueshm\u00ebria e politikave dhe besueshm\u00ebria e institucioneve.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq, k\u00ebto m\u00ebsime sekti Rama n\u00eb pushtet nuk ka nd\u00ebrmend as edhe t\u2019i vler\u00ebsoj\u00eb, dhe jo m\u00eb t\u2019i zbatoj\u00eb n\u00eb praktik\u00eb!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nga Bujar Leskaj \u00c7mimi \u201cNobel\u201d i Ekonomis\u00eb p\u00ebr vitin 2026 iu \u00ebsht\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb ekonomist\u00ebve Robert Hall dhe Michael Woodford, studjues t\u00eb njohur amerikan\u00eb, kontributet e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve lidhen me tema t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb makroekonomis\u00eb moderne. Kontributet e tyre shkencore ofrojn\u00eb nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb vlefshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar pse studimi i krizave, pritshm\u00ebrive dhe i politik\u00ebs &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":156363,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-156361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-kulture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/156361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=156361"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/156361\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":156372,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/156361\/revisions\/156372"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/156363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=156361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=156361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=156361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}