{"id":17001,"date":"2022-07-06T09:22:42","date_gmt":"2022-07-06T09:22:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=17001"},"modified":"2022-07-06T09:22:42","modified_gmt":"2022-07-06T09:22:42","slug":"transinstria-fronti-i-nxehte-i-shtetit-qe-nuk-ekziston","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/2022\/07\/06\/transinstria-fronti-i-nxehte-i-shtetit-qe-nuk-ekziston\/","title":{"rendered":"Transinstria: Fronti i nxeht\u00eb i shtetit q\u00eb nuk ekziston"},"content":{"rendered":"

Transnistria, zyrtarisht Republika Moldave e Pridniestrovit, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet i pavarur jo i njohur nga shtetet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara, pasi konsiderohet de iure<\/em> pjes\u00eb e Moldavis\u00eb. Prej disa dit\u00ebsh emri i k\u00ebtij shteti t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb pavarur \u00ebsht\u00eb kthyer n\u00eb sken\u00eb pasi kreu i shtetit t\u00eb Moldavis\u00eb, Maia Sandu, ka alarmuar komunitetin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar lidhur me nj\u00eb ashp\u00ebrsim t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb tensioneve pas shp\u00ebrthiemeve t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb disa zona t\u00eb rajonit separatist t\u00eb Transnistris\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Moldavia dhe Transnistria<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rajoni mbizotrueshm\u00ebrisht rusishtfol\u00ebs gjendet midis lumit Dniester me kufirin me Ukrain\u00ebn dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb i pavarur nga Moldavia gjat\u00eb r\u00ebnies s\u00eb Bashkimit Sovjetik. Megjith\u00ebse Moldavia ka nj\u00eb histori t\u00eb gjat\u00eb dominimi nga ana e Perandoris\u00eb Ruse dhe m\u00eb pas t\u00eb Bashkimit Sovjetik, pavar\u00ebsia e siguruar n\u00eb dhjetorin e 1991, ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb ky vend i vog\u00ebl t\u00eb afrohej progresivisht me pozicione m\u00eb shum\u00eb proper\u00ebndimore dhe europeiste, duke u larguar nga influenca ruse si\u00e7 kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb shum\u00eb v\u00ebnde pas shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrjes s\u00eb Bashkimit Sovjetik dhe tranzicionit pasues nga ekonomia e planifikuar n\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb e tregut.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb referendum t\u00eb vitit 2006 q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb njohur nga komuniteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 95% e votuesve e ka mb\u00ebshtetur aderimin me Rusin\u00eb, duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb goditje t\u00eb fort\u00eb Moldavis\u00eb, q\u00eb shpresonte t\u00eb ndiqte Rumanin\u00eb dhe shtete t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs Lindore n\u00eb Bashkimin Europian. N\u00eb dit\u00ebt e sotme Transnistria kontrollohet nga separatist\u00eb prorus\u00eb, me kreun e shtetit Vadim Krasnoselskijn, q\u00eb p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se i mikpret p\u00ebrjet\u00ebsisht trupat ruse, konsiderohet edhe nj\u00eb magazin\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme arm\u00ebsh edhe p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb situat\u00ebs s\u00eb tij juridike jasht\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb komunitetit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar.<\/p>\n

Moldavia nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e NATO dhe po k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb mbes\u00eb jasht\u00eb nga \u00e7do aleanc\u00eb ushtarake qysh nga pavar\u00ebsia e saj, fal\u00eb edhje neutralitetit t\u00eb sanksionuar nga kushtetuta e saj. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb rast se Putini do t\u00eb duhej ta shtynte kufirin e tij me Ukrain\u00ebn, do t\u00eb hapej nj\u00eb lloj preokupimi lidhur me kapacitetin e vendit t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb Lindjes n\u00eb raport me kapacitetet reale mbrojt\u00ebese p\u00ebrpara nj\u00eb pushtimi potencial rus.<\/p>\n

Eskalimi i mundsh\u00ebm<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sipas Al Jazeera, Rustam Minnekayev, nj\u00eb prej komandant\u00ebve rus\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, \u00ebsht\u00eb cituar nga agjenci shtet\u00ebrore shtypi t\u00eb ndryshme se ka th\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb Rusia synonte t\u00eb merrte kontrollin e Ukrain\u00ebs jugore, q\u00eb do t\u2019i jepte akses Transinitris\u00eb. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ende e qart\u00eb n\u00ebse ushtria ruse, aktualisht e impenjuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb betej\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebn lindore, do t\u00eb ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb kapte m\u00eb shum\u00eb territor n\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebn jugore dhe t\u00eb avanconte drejt Moldavis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Potencialisht, Rusia mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb ta p\u00ebrdor\u00eb Transnistrin\u00eb p\u00ebr ta asistuar me ila\u00e7e dhe ushqim, duke e v\u00ebn\u00eb sigurin\u00eb n\u00eb linjat hekurudhore, duke ofruar nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt\u00eb ku t\u00eb furnizoj\u00eb trupat e saj, riparoj\u00eb pajisjet dhe t\u00eb riorganizohet. Qindra media nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, nj\u00eb seri shp\u00ebrthimesh t\u00eb pashpjegueshme jan\u00eb verifikuar n\u00eb disa pjes\u00eb t\u00eb Transnistris\u00eb, duke shkaktuar frik\u00ebrat se lufta ruso \u2013 ukrainase mund t\u00eb shtrihet shpejt p\u00ebrtej Ukrain\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthente nj\u00eb konflikt t\u00eb ri n\u00eb Europ\u00ebn lindore.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb seri shp\u00ebrthimesh qen\u00eb d\u00ebgjuar n\u00eb kryeqytetin e Transnistris\u00eb, Tiraspol, af\u00ebr godin\u00ebs s\u00eb Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Sigurimit Shtet\u00ebror, sipas agjencis\u00eb shtet\u00ebrore ruse RIA \u2013 Novosti. Nd\u00ebrsa, po t\u00eb q\u00ebndrosh deklarimeve t\u00eb Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Brendshme t\u00eb Transnistris\u00eb, t\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen dy kulla radioje jan\u00eb d\u00ebmtuar nga shp\u00ebrthime n\u00eb or\u00ebt e para t\u00eb m\u00ebngjesit.<\/p>\n

Negociatat e paqes<\/strong><\/p>\n

Negociatat p\u00ebr paqen filluan n\u00eb 1993 dhe n\u00eb 1999, n\u00eb samitin e 6-t\u00eb t\u00eb Organizat\u00ebs p\u00ebr Sigurim dhe Bashk\u00ebpunim Europian (OSBE), Rusia premtoi se do t\u2019i t\u00ebrhiqte trupat e saj nga Moldavia. Megjithat\u00eb, qysh n\u00eb konferenc\u00ebn e radh\u00ebs s\u00eb organizuar nga OSBE n\u00eb 2003, Rusia i injoronte hapur premtimet e saj t\u00eb marra n\u00eb samitin e Stambollit t\u00eb 1999. Pas k\u00ebtyre evnimenteve, n\u00eb 2004 n\u00eb samitin e NATO t\u00eb mbajtur gjithmon\u00eb n\u00eb Stamboll, organizata ka shprehur hidh\u00ebrimin e saj lidhur me paaft\u00ebsin\u00eb ruse p\u00ebr t\u00eb respektuar termat e largimit t\u00eb trupave t\u00eb saj nga Transnistria. N\u00eb vitin 2005, OSBE ka nisur negociata t\u00eb tjera me p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e Transnistris\u00eb, Rusis\u00eb, Moldavis\u00eb, Ukrain\u00ebs, nga shtete t\u00eb OSBE dhe, s\u00eb fundi, Bashkimit Europian dhe Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara n\u00eb cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e v\u00ebzhguesve, q\u00eb kan\u00eb konfrontuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb format 5 + 2 lidhur me nj\u00eb zgjidhje potenciale paq\u00ebsore t\u00eb konfliktit.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, qysh n\u00eb 2006 negociatat e ndal\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb rifilluar m\u00eb pas formalisht n\u00eb 2012 dhe pas m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 10 vite nga fillimi i ri i dialogut, Transnistria mbetet akoma sot nj\u00eb imbo juridike. Nga ana e saj, Rusia thekson se \u00e7\u00ebshtja e Transnistris\u00eb do t\u00eb zgjidhej n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet federalizimit t\u00eb Moldavis\u00eb, Rusia i ka paraqitur qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Kishinaut n\u00eb 2003 nj\u00eb projekt t\u00eb njohur si Memorandumi Kozak. Ky plan p\u00ebrfshinte krijimin e nj\u00eb Moldavie federale dhe dh\u00ebnien e nj\u00eb statusi special rajonit t\u00eb Transnistris\u00eb. Sipas planit, administrimi i Transnistris\u00eb do t\u00eb kishte pushtetin q\u00eb t\u00eb bllokonte \u00e7far\u00ebdolloj legjislacioni q\u00eb administrata e Kishinaut do t\u00eb miratonte. Sipas planit rus, Moldavia nuk do t\u00eb ishte ne gjendje t\u00eb bashkohej ndaj asnj\u00eb lloj aleance ushtarake dhe do ta ruante neutralitetin, por nj\u00ebsit\u00eb ushtarake ruse do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin n\u00eb Transnistri p\u00ebr vite t\u00eb t\u00ebra.<\/p>\n

Megjithat, duhet mbajtur n\u00eb mendje se pavar\u00ebsisht se Rusia ka mbuluar rolin e nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsuesit n\u00eb konflikt, vazhdimisht i ka mbajtur trupat e saj n\u00eb Transnistri, pavar\u00ebsisht k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs s\u00eb Moldavis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i larguar prej saj. Situata \u00ebsht\u00eb e ngjashme me Krimen\u00eb pasi Rusia ka trupa me q\u00ebndrim n\u00eb nj\u00eb zon\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb kufizohet me Rusin\u00eb dhe ka nj\u00eb popullsi t\u00eb madhe ruse. Megjithat\u00eb, kjo situat\u00eb ndryshon nga konflikti n\u00eb Krime, pasi n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast Rusia \u00ebsht\u00eb e prirur q\u00eb t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb stabilizuar nj\u00eb rajon n\u00eb vend q\u00eb ta pushtoj\u00eb dhe aneksoj\u00eb. Duket e qart\u00eb se qeveria ruse po e sfidon hapur t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, pasi nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e mir\u00eb e komunitetit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar e ka d\u00ebnuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur pushtimin e rajonit.<\/p>\n

Zgjidhje t\u00eb mundshme<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nga sa mund t\u00eb kuptohet, situata n\u00eb Transnistri \u00ebsht\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht komplekse. Deri m\u00eb tani komuniteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar ka ndjekur strategjin\u00eb e ruajtjes s\u00eb statuskuos\u00eb deri kur Transnistria nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e gatshme ta pranoj\u00eb kontrollin e qeveris\u00eb moldave. Megjithat\u00eb, r\u00ebndimi i konfliktit n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb mund ta v\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb diskutim k\u00ebt\u00eb statuskuo dhe t\u00eb provokoj\u00eb nj\u00eb eskalim t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb, pas edhe sikur ky konflikt t\u00eb ket\u00eb q\u00ebndruar thuajse i \u201cngrir\u00eb\u201d deri m\u00eb sot, situata e pengon Moldavin\u00eb dhe Transnistrin\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb rriten e t\u00eb prosperojn\u00eb dhe krijon nj\u00eb paqart\u00ebsi t\u00eb m\u00ebtjeshme n\u00eb nj\u00eb zon\u00eb tashm\u00eb t\u00eb destabilizuar nga lufta n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb. Komuniteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar duhet t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb respektimin e s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, t\u00eb ushtroj\u00eb presion me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb qeveria moldave t\u00eb punoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur nj\u00eb zgjidhje paq\u00ebsore q\u00eb nuk shkakton tensione t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme midis pal\u00ebve, q\u00eb nuk kufizohet vet\u00ebn n\u00eb largimin e trupave ruse nga terroti moldav, por edhe n\u00eb espektimin e neutralitetit t\u00eb sanksionuar prej kushtetut\u00ebs s\u00eb Moldavis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

(nga Istituto Analisi Relazioni Internazionali<\/em>)<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgatiti<\/strong><\/p>\n

ARMIN TIRANA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Transnistria, zyrtarisht Republika Moldave e Pridniestrovit, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet i pavarur jo i njohur nga shtetet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara, pasi konsiderohet de iure pjes\u00eb e Moldavis\u00eb. Prej disa dit\u00ebsh emri i k\u00ebtij shteti t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb pavarur \u00ebsht\u00eb kthyer n\u00eb sken\u00eb pasi kreu i shtetit t\u00eb Moldavis\u00eb, Maia Sandu, ka alarmuar komunitetin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":17002,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17001","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-kulture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17001","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17001"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17001\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17002"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17001"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17001"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17001"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}