{"id":51682,"date":"2023-07-20T08:24:07","date_gmt":"2023-07-20T08:24:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=51682"},"modified":"2023-07-20T08:24:07","modified_gmt":"2023-07-20T08:24:07","slug":"tokat-me-te-pasura","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/2023\/07\/20\/tokat-me-te-pasura\/","title":{"rendered":"Tokat m\u00eb t\u00eb pasura"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Luft\u00ebrat nuk b\u00ebhen m\u00eb p\u00ebr naft\u00ebn, por p\u00ebr litiumin dhe materialet e tjera teknologjike. Ja pse Kazakistani i l\u00ebshon l\u00ebng nga goja Rusis\u00eb dhe Kin\u00ebs.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse nj\u00eb nat\u00eb t\u00eb kthjell\u00ebt dhe pa er\u00eb nj\u00eb udh\u00ebtar, p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb rrug\u00ebs q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkon Andet, do ta hidhte shikimin nga dritrja e avionit teksa kalon territorin bolivian t\u00eb Potosit nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebrit e bot\u00ebs, do t\u00eb goditej nga shtrirja e madhe si prej qum\u00ebshti e krip\u00ebs e quajtur Salar de Unuy n\u00eb 3600 metra lart\u00ebsi dhe do t\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrshtypjen se do kishte arritur H\u00ebn\u00ebn. Nj\u00eb zon\u00eb gjiganteske q\u00eb shtrihet p\u00ebr 10000 kilometra katrore, atje ku bardh\u00ebsia e akullt nokturne transformohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb shk\u00eblqim verbues dhe t\u00eb nxeht\u00eb n\u00ebn rrezet mitraluese diellore. Ajo krip\u00eb nuk sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr t\u00eb aromatizuar pijet, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb leh\u00ebtin e metaleve, me nj\u00eb dend\u00ebsi t\u00eb barabart\u00eb me gjysm\u00ebn e asaj t\u00eb ujit, i akullt si argjendi, i gatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb oksidohet n\u00eb kontakt me ajrin dhe deri paksa eksploziv. I zbuluar n\u00eb Suedi n\u00eb fillimet e \u2018800 dhe i quajtur litium, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb shekull \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur sidomos kund\u00ebr shqet\u00ebsimi bipolar, depresionit, skicofrenis\u00eb, deri sa nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb materiali baz\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar tricium dhe absorbuar neutronte gjat\u00eb fuzionit b\u00ebrthamor. Me pak fjal\u00eb, bomba e ka transformuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb arm\u00eb, edhe pse vazhdon t\u00eb ket\u00eb shum\u00eb zbatime civile si n\u00eb optik\u00eb, n\u00eb pastrimin e ajrit, n\u00eb mjek\u00ebsi. Sot 65% e litimumit sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr baterit\u00eb e llojeve t\u00eb ndryshme; 18% p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar qeramik\u00eb dhe xham; 5% p\u00ebr vajrat lubrifikuese; 12% i mbetur ka destinacione t\u00eb tjera finale. \u00cbsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb me pak fjal\u00eb materiali themelor i er\u00ebs s\u00eb re dixhitale, ashtu si qymyri dhje nafta kan\u00eb qen\u00eb p\u00ebr revolucionin e par\u00eb dhe t\u00eb dyt\u00eb industrial, por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i vetmi. Strategjike jan\u00eb tashm\u00eb t\u00eb 17 element\u00ebt e quajtur metale t\u00eb rralla: Lantaniumi, Ceriumi, Praseodimiumi, Neodimiumi, Samariumi, Europiumi, Gadoliniumi, Terbiumi, Disprosiumi, Olmiumi, Erbiumi, Tuliumi, Iterbiumi, Luteciumi, Itriumi, Promeciumi dhe Skandiumi. P\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrleshet, luftohet, vritet n\u00eb Kongo, ashtu si n\u00eb Mianmar, n\u00eb Afganistan, n\u00eb Kazakistan, n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb Latime. Ka q\u00eb flasin p\u00ebr kolonializ\u00ebm minerar pasi edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb akoma loja e fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha sh\u00ebnohet nga fitimi i resurseve q\u00eb nxirren nga toka, disa prej t\u00eb cilave t\u00eb destinuara q\u00eb t\u00eb ezaurohen shum\u00eb shpejt.<\/p>\n<p>Salar de Unuy \u00ebsht\u00eb rezerva m\u00eb e madhe n\u00eb bot\u00eb dhe Bolivia, bashk\u00eb me Argjentin\u00ebn dhe me Kilin, formojn\u00eb \u201ctrek\u00ebnd\u00ebshin e litiumit\u201d, ku ndodhet 70% e rezervave t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuara deri m\u00eb tani, baraz me 14 milion ton. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, Amerika Latine posedon minerale t\u00eb rralla dhe \u201cmetale teknologjik\u00eb\u201d p\u00ebr nj\u00eb total prej 50 milion ton\u00ebsh, 40% t\u00eb ofert\u00ebs globale. Vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Bolivi rezervat e litiumit do t\u00eb ishin baraz me 21 milion ton. Pason Argjentina me 17 milion ton dhe Kili me 9 milion. Nd\u00ebrsa Brazili \u00ebsht\u00eb prodhuesi m\u00eb i madh bot\u00ebror i niobiumit, me 59000 ton t\u00eb nxjerra n\u00eb 2019 dhe 11 milion ton rezerva t\u00eb sqaruara. Pastaj \u00ebsht\u00eb koltani, komponent kryesor p\u00ebr celular\u00ebt dhe videokamerat, i nxjerr\u00eb me teknika t\u00eb prapambetura dhe krah pune vendas n\u00eb Kolumbi, e cila posedon 5% t\u00eb rezervave globale. Nga Andet tek Tesla \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb udh\u00ebtim i gjat\u00eb, edhe m\u00eb i gjat\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7on n\u00eb Pekin. Kina posedon edhe ajo rezerva t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, ashtu si Australia, q\u00eb g\u00ebrmon n\u00ebntok\u00eb p\u00ebr ta nxjerr\u00eb litiumin dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb ende furnizuesi kryesor (61% t\u00eb prodhimit bot\u00ebror) i ndjekur n\u00eb distanc\u00eb nga Kili (18%), Kina (9%) dhe Argjentina (8%). Japonia, Kina dhe Koreja e Jugut kan\u00eb dominuar deri m\u00eb tani tregun e importeve. Pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e litiumit nxirretj nga Pes\u00eb Motrat, dy amerikane (Albermarle dhe Livent), nj\u00eb kiliane (SQM) dhe dy kineze (Tianqi Lithium dhe Ganfeng). Tri t\u00eb parat kan\u00eb nj\u00eb kuot\u00eb t\u00eb tregut prej 66% t\u00eb ndar\u00eb midis Albermale, SQM dhe Tianqi, q\u00eb kontrollon tashm\u00eb minier\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe australiane, Greenbushes. Modo (grupi Volkswagen) vler\u00ebson se k\u00ebrkesa p\u00ebr bateri t\u00eb rikarikueshme do t\u00eb rritet me 6 her\u00eb brenda vitit 2028, nga k\u00ebtu gara p\u00ebr litiumin dhe metalet e rralla. Nj\u00eb dopjogjasht\u00eb p\u00ebr taliban\u00ebt sikur vet\u00ebm t\u00eb arrinin at\u00eb q\u00eb fsheh n\u00ebntoka e Afganistanit. Sipas studimeve t\u00eb fundit, n\u00ebn sandallet e studnet\u00ebve kuranik\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb zot\u00ebrinj lufte fshihet nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrvler\u00eb potenciale e vler\u00ebsuar n\u00eb 1000 miliard dollar\u00eb, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb leht\u00ebsish n\u00eb 3000. Amerikan\u00ebt e dinin shum\u00eb mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb 2006 agjencia shkencore qeveritare, United States Geological Survey, u dha rrug\u00eb rilevimeve ajrore t\u00eb resurseve minerale, me ndihm\u00ebn e aparaturave t\u00eb avancuara t\u00eb instaluara mbi nj\u00eb avion Orion P-3 t\u00eb Marin\u00ebs amerikane. Pas rezultateve t\u00eb habitshme t\u00eb investigimeve t\u00eb para, n\u00eb 2007 USGS filloi ato q\u00eb u quajt\u00ebn \u201canalizat gjeologjike m\u00eb t\u00eb plota t\u00eb kryera ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb\u201d. Rezultatet i lan\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb me goj\u00ebhapur: n\u00ebndheu afganas p\u00ebrmbante deri n\u00eb 60 milion ton bak\u00ebr dhe deri 2.2 miliard ton hekur dhe m\u00eb pas vinte alumini, ari, argjendi, zinku, m\u00ebrkuri dhe litiumi. Pa harruar 1.4 milion ton Rare Earth Elements (REE), si lataniumi, ceriumi, neodimiumi. E dinin edhe rus\u00ebt, por at\u00ebhere nuk dukeshin resurse strategjike. Askush nuk ka arritur t\u00eb hedh\u00eb dor\u00ebn mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb potencial t\u00eb madh minerar, do t\u2019ia arrijn\u00eb kinez\u00ebt? N\u00eb Argjentin\u00eb Pekini kontrollon 41% t\u00eb prodhimit dhe 37% t\u00eb rezervave t\u00eb metaleve t\u00eb rralla; n\u00eb Australi 58% t\u00eb prodhimit dhe 19% t\u00eb rezervave; n\u00eb Bolivi merr pjes\u00eb n\u00eb 100% t\u00eb sektorit n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje aksionare, ashtu si n\u00eb Brazil; n\u00eb Kili n\u00eb 67%, n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn Popullore t\u00eb Kongos influencon mbi 52% t\u00eb prodhimit t\u00eb kobaltit me kuota pjes\u00ebmarrjeje dhe marr\u00ebveshje furnizimi; n\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn e Jugut \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha vendet kryesore t\u00eb nxjerrjes dhe p\u00ebrpunimit. Edhe pse g\u00ebzon nj\u00eb rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb pasur t\u00eb brendshme, Kina nuk ka rezerva t\u00eb mjaftueshme t\u00eb 3 resurseve minerare jetike p\u00ebr ambiciet teknologjike: kobaltit, metaleve t\u00eb grupit t\u00eb platinit dhe, pik\u00ebrisht, litiumit. Prej koh\u00ebsh po p\u00ebrgatitet ta zgjeroj\u00eb pozicionin e saj n\u00eb tregun e vanadiumit dhe t\u00eb grafitit, duke siguruar furnizime shtes\u00eb dhe duke nd\u00ebrtuar zinxhir\u00eb furnizimi t\u00eb integruar. Vanadiumi \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb metal tranzicioni i p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb baterit\u00eb me fluks, n\u00eb magnet\u00ebt superp\u00ebr\u00e7ues dhe n\u00eb lidhjet me rezistenc\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb p\u00ebr motor\u00eb me reagim dhe avion\u00eb supersonik\u00eb. Kompanit\u00eb kineze prodhojn\u00eb tashm\u00eb 56% t\u00eb vanadiumit dhe vendi posedon 48% t\u00eb rezervave. Por Pekini nuk mjaftohet dhe konkurron edhe n\u00eb Rusi, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb asaj q\u00eb Kina e ka quajtur \u201cnj\u00eb aleanc\u00eb t\u00eb pathyeshme\u201d, e n\u00ebnshkruar n\u00eb Afganistan n\u00eb vijim t\u00eb t\u00ebrheqjes amerikane dhe e konfirmuar tani n\u00eb Kazakistan, prodhuesi i par\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb i uraniumit, sipas zgjedhjes s\u00eb bitcoin pas Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara (18% e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kalkulimeve n\u00eb superkompjuter\u00ebt ndodhin n\u00eb vendin aziatik), furnizues i madh me gaz dhe naft\u00eb edhe i Italis\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Revolta kund\u00ebr regjimit ka shp\u00ebrthyer prej shtrenjtimit t\u00eb metanit. Vendi \u00ebsht\u00eb i pasur, por sh\u00ebrben mbi t\u00eb gjitha p\u00ebr ta eksportuar dhe ark\u00ebtuar dollar\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrhyrja ruse p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u201crivendosur rendin\u201d ka pasur mb\u00ebshtetjen e plot\u00eb t\u00eb Pekinit dhe tregon se vendi m\u00eb madh i Azis\u00eb Qendrore, bashk\u00eb me Afganistanit, \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb posti i nj\u00eb Loje t\u00eb Re t\u00eb Madhe, i ndrysh\u00ebm nga ai i treguar nga Rudyard Kipling n\u00eb korrespondencat p\u00ebr \u201cLondon Times\u201d, sidomos sepse Per\u00ebndimi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb protagonist, por spektator: letrat n\u00eb dor\u00eb t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb neocariste dhe Kin\u00ebs, fuqi e re globale. Lart\u00ebsia e eg\u00ebr afganase ka djegur kolonializmin britanik, mundur ekspansionizmin rus dhe posht\u00ebruar krenarin\u00eb amerikane, tani \u00ebsht\u00eb nyja e ekuilibrit t\u00eb ri aziatik, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb vlen edhe p\u00ebr Kazakistanin, zemra gjeografike e nj\u00eb kontinentiq\u00eb si Rusia, ashtu edhe Kina, e konsiderojn\u00eb bah\u00e7en e tyre, por gjeopolitika nuk ushqehet vet\u00ebm me arm\u00eb dhe kalkulime politike, ushtrit\u00eb kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr furnizime, mbret\u00ebrit\u00eb dhe perandorit\u00eb p\u00ebr resurse materiale. Dhe k\u00ebtu hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb loj\u00eb pasurit\u00eb e tok\u00ebs dhe n\u00ebntok\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p>Duke shfryt\u00ebzuar resurset shum\u00eb t\u00eb pasura energjitike t\u00eb Kazakistanit \u2013 pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 18 milion banor\u00eb, por nj\u00eb territor i madh sa e gjitha Europa Per\u00ebndimore \u2013 81 vje\u00e7ari Nursultan Nazarbayev, prej 30 vitesh n\u00eb pushtet, ka mbetur n\u00eb tutel\u00ebn e Mosk\u00ebs, por ka pritur krah\u00eb hapur kompanit\u00eb per\u00ebndimore, nga ENI tek SHELL, nga Chevron tek General Electric: 161 miliard investime direkte n\u00eb 2020, prej t\u00eb cilave 30 vet\u00ebm nga Shtetet e Bashkuara, \u00be t\u00eb atyre t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb rajonit. Brenda kufijve t\u00eb tyre gjendet rreth 60% e resusreve minerare t\u00eb ish Bashkimit Sovjetik, nga hekuri tek qymyri, bashk\u00eb me rezerva t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb naft\u00ebs (mbi 1.5 milion fu\u00e7i n\u00eb dit\u00eb), metanit, uranit. Dhe pastaj \u00ebsht\u00eb kufiri i tokave t\u00eb rralla. N\u00eb 2019 Nazarbayev e ka l\u00ebn\u00eb presidenc\u00ebn n\u00eb duart e delfinit t\u00eb tij Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, q\u00eb ka kryer nj\u00eb kthes\u00eb prokineze dhe k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb emancipohet nga mentori i tij i mbetur njeri i fort\u00eb i regjimit. Statuja e despotit t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr n\u00eb fron e rr\u00ebzuar nga manifestues b\u00ebhet k\u00ebshtu simboli i nj\u00eb kursi t\u00eb ri. N\u00eb Kazakistan p\u00ebrgatitej nj\u00eb grusht shteti, si\u00e7 thot\u00eb versioni zyrtar? Dhe i organizuar nga kush, nga fondamentalist\u00ebt islamik\u00eb? Le t\u00eb mos tallemi. N\u00ebse mendojm\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb komplot, duhet t\u00eb pyesim kujt i vjen p\u00ebr mbar\u00eb. P\u00ebrgjigja \u00ebsht\u00eb se deri m\u00eb tani i vjen p\u00ebr mbar\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs dhe Pekinit. Ariu rus dhe dragoi i kuq e kan\u00eb shtr\u00ebnguar goditjen pa Shtetet e Bashkuara dhe Europa t\u00eb b\u00ebnin g\u00ebk. Kina ka par\u00eb tek represioni i revolt\u00ebs q\u00eb ka provokuar t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 164 t\u00eb vdekur nj\u00eb zbatim t\u00eb asaj q\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb ndarje funksionale e pun\u00ebs n\u00eb Azin\u00eb Qendrore, ku Pekini preferon nj\u00eb prani ushtarake t\u00eb kufizuar dhe, p\u00ebr shum\u00eb aspekte, prapa kuintave: Xi Jinping i l\u00eb Vladimir Putinit furin\u00eb e arm\u00ebve dhe i rezervon vetes pla\u00e7k\u00ebn ekonomike. Amerika \u00ebsht\u00eb larg dhe ka braktisur tashm\u00eb \u00e7far\u00ebdo lloji roli n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb bot\u00ebs, jo k\u00ebshtu Bashkimi Europian, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i dob\u00ebt dhe i \u00e7armatosur, nj\u00eb xhuxh politiko \u2013 ushtarak q\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb v\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik edhe gjigandin ekonomik.<\/p>\n<p>Kompeticioni \u00ebsht\u00eb i ndezur edhe n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb, ku Kina vihet n\u00eb kontrast me Europ\u00ebn ose m\u00eb mir\u00eb me disa vende, duke filluar nga Franca. Rruga e Re e M\u00ebndafshit, Belt and Road Iniciative, \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb realitet nj\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin t\u00eb pesta kontinentet. N\u00eb rrjet\u00ebn e dendur t\u00eb partneriteteve de aleancave strategjike ku n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pamatur ka p\u00ebrfunduar edhe Italia, \u00ebsht\u00eb ngecur Republika Demokratike e Kongos (ish belge), ku sakt\u00ebsisht nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb kan\u00eb humbur jet\u00ebn ambasadori italian Luca Attanasio, karabinieri Vittorio Iacovacci dhe shoferi Mustapha Milambo, t\u00eb vrar\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb sulm ndaj nj\u00eb karvani t\u00eb World Food Programme n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn p\u00ebr Goma. Kongoja pret 51% t\u00eb rezervave bot\u00ebrore t\u00eb kobaltit sipas llogaritjeve t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb US Geological Survey dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr 64% t\u00eb prodhimit global. P\u00ebr Pekinin \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsor. Republika Popullore e Kin\u00ebs qysh n\u00eb 2019 kontrollonte 8 prej 14 kompanive t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb rretj gjysm\u00ebs s\u00eb output t\u00eb vendit. \u201cJemi nj\u00eb prej vendeve m\u00eb t\u00eb pasur t\u00eb planetit, megjithat\u00eb bashk\u00ebkombasit e tij jan\u00eb nd\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebrit e bot\u00ebs, ankohet mjeku kognolez \u00c7mim Nobel p\u00ebr Paqen Denis Mukwege. Realiteti trondit\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb se pik\u00ebrisht boll\u00ebku i resurseve tona natyrore, ar, koltan, kobalt dhe minerale t\u00eb tjera strategjike, \u00ebsht\u00eb shkak par\u00ebsor luft\u00ebrash, dhune ekstreme dhe varf\u00ebrie absolute\u201d. Deri m\u00eb sot, ka pasur rreth 6 milion t\u00eb vdekur prej shkaqeve direkte dhe indirekte t\u00eb konfliktit, atyre u shtohen 4 milion refugjat\u00eb. \u201cKur i jepni makin\u00ebs tuaj elektrike apo kur p\u00ebrdorni smartfonin tuaj, vazhdon doktor Mukwege, harxhoni 1 minut p\u00ebr t\u00eb reflektuar mbi koston humane q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb prapa prodhimit t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre objekteve. Si konsumator\u00eb, le t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb sa m\u00eb pak t\u00eb pretendoni q\u00eb jan\u00eb realizuar n\u00eb respektimin e dinjitetit njer\u00ebzor. Rrotullimi i kok\u00ebs n\u00ebnkupton se jeni bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor\u00eb\u201d. Ama kujdes t\u00eb mos ekzagjerohet me \u201ckolonizimin kinez\u201d t\u00eb Afrik\u00ebs. Pekini po ndeshet me nj\u00eb zinxhir v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsish\u00eb dhe d\u00ebshtimesh, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb ka vendosur nj\u00eb ngushtim mbi kredit\u00eb e dh\u00ebna andej k\u00ebtej q\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb kthehen kurr\u00eb nga qeveri t\u00eb dob\u00ebta dhe t\u00eb korruptuara q\u00eb pengojn\u00eb r\u00ebnien e kontinentit t\u00eb pafund\u00ebm. Shum\u00eb investime kan\u00eb rezistuar jprodhuese, duke filluar nga ato infrastrukturore, edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkaktuar konflikte kulturore n\u00eb kuptimin e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb fjal\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p>Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, resurset afrikane u l\u00ebshojn\u00eb l\u00ebng nga goja t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve dhe uraniumi \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb maj\u00ebn e list\u00ebs. Politika e jashtme franceze prej koh\u00ebsh ka nj\u00eb dimension \u201catomik\u201d. Nga force <em>de frappe<\/em> tek centralet elektrike, furnizimimi me material radioaktiv \u00ebsht\u00eb jetik. Nigeri n\u00eb zem\u00ebr t\u00eb Afrik\u00ebs sahariane \u00ebsht\u00eb furnizuesi i privilegjuar dhe nd\u00ebrhyrja ushtarake n\u00eb Mali n\u00eb 2012 ku ka marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aktive Italia, ka sh\u00ebrbyer jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb bllokuar ekspansionin e fondamentalizmit islamik, por edhe t\u00eb mbroj\u00eb fqinjin e pasur, por t\u00eb brisht\u00eb. Italian\u00ebt nuk jan\u00eb jasht\u00eb loje, p\u00ebrkundrazi, edhe pse ndodh n\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre n\u00ebn gjurm\u00eb. N\u00eb Mali p\u00ebrkrah t\u00eb francez\u00ebve (me t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk mungojn\u00eb shk\u00ebndija t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb zona t\u00eb tjera afrikane, duke filluar nga Libia), n\u00eb Afganistan me amerikan\u00ebt. N\u00eb Kazakistan interesi komb\u00ebtar quhet gaz: metani p\u00ebr Italin\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb sot resurs strategjik ashtu si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb uraniumi p\u00ebr Franc\u00ebn. Dhe var\u00ebsia p\u00ebr Mosk\u00ebn shtyn t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohen alternativa n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb fush\u00ebn. 18% e eksportit kazak \u00ebsht\u00eb i drejtuar n\u00eb Itali. ENI posedon 16.8% n\u00eb vendburimin petrolifer t\u00eb Kashganit n\u00eb Detin Kaspik dhe 29.25% n\u00eb gazin e Karachanagut. Po ENI ka nj\u00eb prani konsistente n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Kongos (ish franceze), si me vendurime off dhe on shore, ashtu edhe me rafinimin. ENEL operon prej vitesh n\u00eb Kili ku do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb impiantin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh fotovoltaik n\u00eb shkret\u00ebrir\u00ebn e Atacama. Bashk\u00eb me Siemens dhe Porsche, nj\u00eb fabrik\u00eb n\u00eb Patagoni p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar karburant nga ajri dhe nga uji, duke e kombinuar CO2 e kapur me hidrogjenin e gjelb\u00ebr. Politika e jashtme b\u00ebjn\u00eb grupet e m\u00ebdha me pjes\u00ebmarrje shtet\u00ebrore dhe ndoshta \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb e mir\u00eb duke par\u00eb dob\u00ebsit\u00eb e partive politike. Kjo n\u00ebnkupton q\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb jan\u00eb italian\u00ebt, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb Italia. Disa evokojn\u00eb me breng\u00eb t\u00eb sinqert\u00eb shpirtin e Enrico Mattei, por ai \u00ebsht\u00eb djegur sakt\u00ebsisht 61 vite m\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb at\u00eb 27 tetor 1962, midis flak\u00ebve t\u00eb avionit t\u00eb tij n\u00eb Bascap\u00e8.<\/p>\n<p>(nga <em>Il Foglio<\/em>)<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u00ebrgatiti<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>ARMIN TIRANA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Luft\u00ebrat nuk b\u00ebhen m\u00eb p\u00ebr naft\u00ebn, por p\u00ebr litiumin dhe materialet e tjera teknologjike. Ja pse Kazakistani i l\u00ebshon l\u00ebng nga goja Rusis\u00eb dhe Kin\u00ebs. N\u00ebse nj\u00eb nat\u00eb t\u00eb kthjell\u00ebt dhe pa er\u00eb nj\u00eb udh\u00ebtar, p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb rrug\u00ebs q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkon Andet, do ta hidhte shikimin nga dritrja e avionit teksa kalon territorin bolivian t\u00eb Potosit nj\u00eb &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":51683,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51682","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-kulture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51682","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51682"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51682\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/51683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51682"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51682"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51682"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}