{"id":52226,"date":"2023-07-26T08:44:22","date_gmt":"2023-07-26T08:44:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=52226"},"modified":"2023-07-26T08:44:22","modified_gmt":"2023-07-26T08:44:22","slug":"renia-e-religjionit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/2023\/07\/26\/renia-e-religjionit\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00ebnia e religjionit"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e qytetar\u00ebve nuk i p\u00ebrket asnj\u00eb grupimi fetar. Do t\u00eb dukej si nj\u00eb lajm i mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb majt\u00ebn, por indvidualizimi i spiritualitetit vler\u00ebson t\u00eb djatht\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Vitin e kaluar Gallup ka zbuluar se p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e kombit pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e amerikan\u00ebve nuk i p\u00ebrket asnj\u00eb kongregacioni fetar. Ky kalim p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb moment themeltar t\u00eb nj\u00eb historie t\u00eb gjat\u00eb dhe familiare: Shtetet e Bashkuara po b\u00ebhen m\u00eb pak fetare dhe komunitetet e shumta fetare t\u00eb tyre n\u00eb r\u00ebnie jan\u00eb shenja m\u00eb e qart\u00eb e k\u00ebtij transformimi kulturor.<\/p>\n

Shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz nga e majta e mir\u00ebpresin me favor r\u00ebnien e p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsis\u00eb fetare n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara. N\u00ebnvizojn\u00eb se besimi fetar shpesh \u00abkooptohet n\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb statuskuos\u00eb si grupeve t\u00eb varf\u00ebra dhe politikisht t\u00eb n\u00ebnshtruara\u00bb, si\u00e7 shkruajn\u00eb Megan Rogers dhe Mary Ellen Konieczny. Ndjek\u00ebsit e t\u00eb ashtuquajturit Prosperity Gospel<\/em><\/a> ia veshin varf\u00ebris\u00eb t\u00eb qenit blasfem, por klerik\u00ebt e korruptuar t\u00eb megakishave mbushin xhepat me shpenzimet e besimtar\u00ebve t\u00eb klas\u00ebs pun\u00ebtore, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u00eb kapet pika. Megjithat\u00eb r\u00ebnia e p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsis\u00eb fetare ka pasur edhe paqart\u00ebsi t\u00eb thella p\u00ebr t\u00eb majt\u00ebn: kontribuon n\u00eb nj\u00eb munges\u00eb strukturash komunitare q\u00eb shpesh e b\u00ebn t\u00eb majt\u00ebn t\u00eb paaft\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb organizoj\u00eb njer\u00ebzit p\u00ebrreth kauzave specifike dhe fushatave elektorale.<\/p>\n

Historikisht, kongregacionet fetare kan\u00eb qen\u00eb nj\u00eb vend jetik i organizimit politik t\u00eb majt\u00eb. Pas sukseseve t\u00eb l\u00ebvizjes p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat civile, t\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr nga klerik\u00eb dhe z\u00ebra t\u00eb tjera fetar\u00eb, reverendo Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Ka organizuar lider\u00eb fetar\u00eb rreth nj\u00eb programi radikal p\u00ebr drejt\u00ebsi ekonomike. P\u00ebrpara at\u00ebhere, l\u00ebvizja Social Gospel<\/em> n\u00eb fundin e shekullit t\u00eb XIX dhe fillimit t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb XX kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb vendosura p\u00ebr forcuar mb\u00ebshtetjen e legjislacionit q\u00eb e ka \u00e7uar dit\u00ebn e pun\u00ebs n\u00eb 8 or\u00eb, ka abroguar pun\u00ebn e minoren\u00ebve dhe ka krijuar kushte m\u00eb t\u00eb mira n\u00ebp\u00ebr fabrika. Lider\u00ebt e l\u00ebvizjes Social Gospel<\/em>, p\u00ebrfshi revrendon Washington Gladden dhe reverendon Mark A. Matthews, nuk qen\u00eb vet\u00ebm autor\u00eb dhe konferencier\u00eb, qen\u00eb edhe lider\u00ebt e kongregacionit, organizonin aktivisht komunitetet e tyre lokale n\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb reformave sociale.<\/p>\n

Lider\u00ebt aktual\u00eb fetar\u00eb, si reverendo Dr. William Barber II i Poor People\u2019s Campaign<\/em><\/a>, kan\u00eb tentuar ta ringjallin t\u00eb majt\u00ebn fetare, duke zhvilluar nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje fetare \u00abantiraciste, kund\u00ebr varf\u00ebris\u00eb, n\u00eb favor t\u00eb drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe pun\u00ebs\u00bb, por, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb r\u00ebnies s\u00eb aderimeve n\u00eb kongregacione midis amerikan\u00ebve t\u00eb qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb majt\u00eb, k\u00ebto z\u00ebra dhe komunitetet e tyre nuk mund t\u00eb ushtrojn\u00eb influenc\u00ebn e pararend\u00ebsve t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb Social Gospel<\/em>. Sipas nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb botuar n\u00eb Journal for the Scientific Study of Religio<\/em>n, kishat konservatore kristiane aktualisht jan\u00eb trefishi i atyre liberale. P\u00ebrkat\u00ebsia fetare po zvog\u00eblohet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb spektrin politik, por format e kristianizmi t\u00eb majta po e humbasin kapjen e tyre mbi popullsin\u00eb sesa ato ungjillore konservatore. P\u00ebr pasoj\u00eb, Pew referon se amerikan\u00ebt e qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb majt\u00eb kan\u00eb shanse m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb mos jen\u00eb me p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsi fetare respektivisht atyre t\u00eb djatht\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre ndryshimeve n\u00eb panoram\u00ebn fetare amerikane, e majta ka humbur aksesin ndaj kongregacioneve fetare, struktura komunitare ende t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efikase nga konservator\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u2019i organizuar personat mbi baz\u00ebn e nj\u00eb axhende t\u00eb djatht\u00eb. Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt politik\u00eb n\u00ebnvizojn\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb centralitetin e asaj q\u00eb Ismail K. White dhe Cheryl N. Laird e quajn\u00eb \u00abkufizim social\u00bb n\u00eb politik\u00eb. White dhe Laird n\u00ebnvizojn\u00eb se sjellja politike pasqyron shpesh influenc\u00ebn e nj\u00eb komuniteti, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje ta ushtroj\u00eb \u00abpresionin social\u00bb, t\u00eb vler\u00ebsoj\u00eb apo t\u00eb sanksionoj\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e saj. Kristian\u00ebt ungjillor\u00eb t\u00eb djatht\u00eb i disponojn\u00eb k\u00ebto komunitete, ku individ\u00ebt marrin inkurajim t\u00eb rregullt dhe presione sociale p\u00ebr t\u00eb votuar dhe t\u2019u organizuar p\u00ebr republikan\u00eb nacionalist\u00eb kristian\u00eb. Mang\u00ebsia e komuniteteve fetare paralele me t\u00eb majt\u00ebn p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb dob\u00ebsi relative organizuese.<\/p>\n

Deinstitucionalizimi i politik\u00ebs<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ky dizavantazh konkurrues do t\u00eb t\u00eb reduktohej n\u00eb maksimum sikur amerikan\u00ebt pa p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsi fetare t\u00eb bashkoheshin n\u00eb komunitete politike alternative, por p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb tyre kjo nuk ndodh. Dhjet\u00ebra miliona amerikan\u00eb mbesin jasht\u00eb komuniteteve t\u00eb \u00e7do lloji, duke luftuar p\u00ebr pasoj\u00eb me vetmin\u00eb kronike, dhe komunitetet t\u00eb cilave u bashkohen jopraktikuesit shpesh jan\u00eb t\u00eb privuar nga identiteti i qart\u00eb politik.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb raportin e tyre historik \u00abHow We Gather\u00bb, bursist\u00ebt p\u00ebr novatorizmin e ministris\u00eb si Harvard Divinity School Angie Thurston dhe Casper ter Kuile \u2013 me t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, po e rr\u00ebfej, kam bashk\u00ebthemeluar nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb t\u00eb kushtuar promovimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb komuniteti shpirt\u00ebror alternativ t\u00eb rr\u00ebnjosur n\u00eb parimet e drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb sociale t\u00eb quajtur The Nearness<\/em> \u2013 identifikojn\u00eb vende si Crossfit n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat praktikuesit k\u00ebnaqin shum\u00eb prej nevojave q\u00eb historikisht i kan\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur n\u00eb institucionet fetare, si nevoja e komunitetit apo e strukturave t\u00eb rritjes personale dhe p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi. Megjith\u00ebse k\u00ebto vende i p\u00ebrgjigjen nj\u00eb serie nevojash njer\u00ebzore t\u00eb thella, shpesh nuk arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb sillen si motor\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshimit politik, duke mikpritur persona me nj\u00eb larmi t\u00eb madhe pik\u00ebpamjesh politike dhe duke mos b\u00ebr\u00eb asnj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u2019u organizuar drejt objektivash politike. Deputetja republikane nga Georgia Marjorie Taylor Greene ishte pronare e nj\u00eb palestre t\u00eb lidhur me Crossfit dhe nj\u00eb atlete krenare e Crossfit: Crossfit nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb bastion politik i majt\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbysur dizavantazhet e veta kompetitive, e majta duhet t\u00eb bashkohet dhe t\u2019i rris\u00eb komunitetet politike t\u00eb saj. Shum\u00eb nga e majta marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb seksionet lokale e Democratic Socialists of America (DSA), q\u00eb kan\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb n\u00eb prodhimin e ndryshimeve politike dhe t\u00eb kultivoj\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie t\u00eb ngushta midis an\u00ebtar\u00ebve, duke mikpritur evente sociale bashk\u00eb me manifestime dhe mbledhje. P\u00ebrve\u00e7se p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb komunitete, k\u00ebta grupe plot\u00ebsojn\u00eb shum\u00eb nevoja historikisjt t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqura nga institucionet fetare, duke furnizuar nj\u00eb kuad\u00ebr vlerash, strukrash me p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi morale dhe dometh\u00ebnie. Si\u00e7 ka th\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb grua n\u00eb Atlantic<\/em> pasi \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjedhur n\u00eb seksioni e DSA n\u00eb Denver, \u00abkam gjetur nj\u00eb q\u00ebllim\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebse e majta duhet t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t\u00eb bashkohet dhe t\u00eb hap\u00eb seksione, duhet edhe t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb se rritja e k\u00ebtyre grupeve ec\u00ebn ngadal\u00eb dhe duhet t\u00eb marr\u00eb n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb se disa njer\u00ebz mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar ndaj tipologjive t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb komuniteteve t\u00eb majta. Aderimi n\u00eb DSA nuk po rritet me ritmin q\u00eb ka pasur pas fushat\u00ebs presidenciale t\u00eb 2016 t\u00eb Bernie Sanders apo n\u00eb dit\u00ebt e para t\u00eb pandemis\u00eb s\u00eb Covid-19 dhe objektivi i 100000 an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb DSA mbetet larg. Grupet politike ekzistuese do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb plot\u00ebsojn\u00eb nevojat e disave nga e majta, por ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb nevojiten komunitete t\u00eb reja p\u00ebr ta zgjeruar qasjen organizative t\u00eb s\u00eb majt\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb plate p\u00ebr k\u00ebto komunitete t\u00eb reja mund z\u00ebvend\u00ebsohet nga rreth 90 milion amerikan\u00eb besimtar\u00eb, por jo praktikues, pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb politikisht e qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb majt\u00eb. Sipas nj\u00eb hulumtimi t\u00eb Fetzer Institute, spiritualiteti mbete ngush\u00ebtisht e lidhur me qasjen e k\u00ebtij publiku ndaj etik\u00ebs dhe politik\u00ebs, me 68% t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve q\u00eb pohon se \u00abspiritualitet e drejton mm\u00ebnyr\u00ebn sesi veprojn\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb\u00bb, edhe mbi \u00e7\u00ebshtjet sociale. Spiritualiteti \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb prej p\u00ebrcaktuesve kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb qasjes politike t\u00eb miliona amerikan\u00ebve q\u00eb e majta duhet t\u00eb shpresoj\u00eb t\u2019i bind\u00eb dhe t\u2019i organizoj\u00eb apo shum\u00eb nga e majta e injorojn\u00eb rolin q\u00eb spiritualiteti mund t\u00eb luaj\u00eb n\u00eb organizimin politike, duke e likuiduar si besimtari. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, k\u00ebto njer\u00ebz t\u00eb majt\u00eb nuhasin nj\u00eb ndarje klasore p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn nj\u00eb klas\u00eb e ar\u00ebsimuar m\u00eb laike nuk arrin t\u00eb lidhet me nj\u00eb klas\u00eb pun\u00ebtore m\u00eb spirituale.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb qershorin e vitit 2022 Gallup ka zbuluar se 81% e amerikan\u00eb beson tek Zoti, duke sqaruar se Shtetet e Bashkuara nuk po p\u00ebsojn\u00eb nj\u00eb proces shekullarizimi t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb sa ai q\u00eb po p\u00ebson deinstitucionalizimi i jet\u00ebs spirituale. M\u00eb pak njer\u00ebz e frekuentojn\u00eb kish\u00ebn, por jo domosdoshm\u00ebrisht po b\u00ebhen as m\u00eb pak besimtarl, as jan\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrisht m\u00eb pak t\u00eb interesuar ndaj komunitetit spiritual. Format e vjetra t\u00eb komuniteteve po zhduken, por shum\u00eb amerikan\u00eb kan\u00eb uri modalitetesh t\u00eb reja. Si\u00e7 m\u00eb ka m\u00ebsuar nj\u00eb m\u00ebsuese e shkoll\u00ebs s\u00eb mesme n\u00eb Colorado n\u00eb nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb, \u00abndjej se spiritualiteti \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj aventure vetmitare dhe ajo q\u00eb po k\u00ebrkohet dhe shpresohet \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ndahe\u00bb. Ka nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb shfaqjen e komuniteteve t\u00eb reja spirituale p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur nevojat e jopraktikuesve dhe kjo mund\u00ebsi ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me t\u00eb majt\u00ebn, nga momenti q\u00eb amerikan\u00ebt e qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb majt\u00eb kan\u00eb shanse m\u00eb t\u00eb mldha p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb jo t\u00eb lidhur nga pik\u00ebpamja fetare se ata t\u00eb djatht\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Natyrisht, ekziston nj\u00eb lidhje historike e thell\u00eb midis socializmit e ateizmit dhe shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz t\u00eb majt\u00eb nuk identifikohen si besimtar\u00eb. Pasi e majta tenton ta promovoj\u00eb komunitetin, natyrisht q\u00eb duhet ta p\u00ebrq\u00ebndroj\u00eb v\u00ebmendjen e saj mbi zhvillimin e seksioneve, sindikatave dhe fushatave politike. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00ebse e majta n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara d\u00ebshiron t\u2019i arrij\u00eb objektivat politik\u00eb t\u00eb saj dhe t\u00eb bazohet mbi sukseset e paraardh\u00ebsve t\u00eb Social Gospel<\/em>, duhet t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb edhe komunitete politike q\u00eb u p\u00ebrgjigjen subjekteve t\u00eb rinj. R\u00ebnia e p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsis\u00eb fetare n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara ka prodhuar miliona amerikan\u00eb q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebm e t\u00eb uritur p\u00ebr komunitet dhe e majta duhet t\u00eb tentoj\u00eb t\u2019i organizoj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

(Alec Gewirtz \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shkrimtar, jeton n\u00eb New York City dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb bashk\u00ebthemelues i <\/em>The Nearness. Ka nj\u00eb diplom\u00eb n\u00eb Religjion n\u00eb Princeton University<\/em>)<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgatiti<\/strong><\/p>\n

ARMIN TIRANA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e qytetar\u00ebve nuk i p\u00ebrket asnj\u00eb grupimi fetar. Do t\u00eb dukej si nj\u00eb lajm i mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb majt\u00ebn, por indvidualizimi i spiritualitetit vler\u00ebson t\u00eb djatht\u00ebn. Vitin e kaluar Gallup ka zbuluar se p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e kombit …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":52227,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52226","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-kulture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52226","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52226"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52226\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52227"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52226"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52226"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52226"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}