Kush ka udh\u00ebtuar n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara e di se ka vende n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat shum\u00eb prej narrativave q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb historin\u00eb e vendit p\u00ebrputhen literalisht mbi nj\u00ebra tjetr\u00ebn, duke krijuar nj\u00eb efekt t\u00eb \u00e7uditsh\u00ebm, por edhe duke zbuluar disa dinamika t\u00eb thella q\u00eb mund t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb aspekte t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb dhe t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme. Ndoshta nga kjo pik\u00ebpamje asnj\u00eb vend nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shembullor si Rapid City n\u00eb shtetin e Dakot\u00ebs s\u00eb Jugut. Rapid City \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb qytez\u00eb prej 70000 banor\u00ebsh q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebdeklaruar \u201cqyteti m\u00eb patriotik i Amerik\u00ebs\u201d. N\u00eb nj\u00eb artikull t\u00eb botuar disa vite m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb \u201cNew Yorker\u201d, Brooke Jarvis tregonte se \u201ccepat e rrug\u00ebve t\u00eb qendr\u00ebs jan\u00eb populluar nga staujat e bronzit, thuajse me madh\u00ebsi natyrale, e t\u00eb gjitha ish president\u00ebve t\u00eb Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara. N\u00eb nj\u00eb cep rruge Andrew Jackson ngre vetullat dhe kryq\u00ebzon krah\u00ebt, n\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr Teddy Roosevelt mban nj\u00eb shpat\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl\u201d.<\/p>\n
Por pjesa m\u00eb interesante fillon kur ajo del nga qyteti dhe futet n\u00ebp\u00ebr Black Hills, nj\u00eb vargmal q\u00eb shkon nga per\u00ebndimi dhe kufizohet n\u00eb Wyoming, ku simbolet historike ndjekin n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb frenetike, si z\u00ebrat e shumt\u00eb q\u00eb ul\u00ebrijn\u00eb nj\u00ebri sip\u00ebr tjetrit duke k\u00ebrkuar ta mbizot\u00ebrojn\u00eb versionin e tyre t\u00eb historis\u00eb komb\u00ebtare. \u201cEkspansioni drejt per\u00ebndimit dhe historit\u00eb e kolon\u00ebve bashkohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb fantazi t\u00eb g\u00ebzuar dhe konfuze: turist\u00ebt mund t\u00eb vizitojn\u00eb nj\u00eb minier\u00eb ari, t\u00eb futen n\u00eb nj\u00eb replik\u00eb t\u00eb Independence Hall n\u00eb Filadelfia, ku n\u00eb vitin 1776 u diskutua dhe u ratifikua Deklarata e Pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb (\u201cGjuaj nj\u00eb mushket\u00eb! Dil nga k\u00ebtu!\u201d) apo t\u00eb ndalesh tek National Presidential Wax Museum, q\u00eb shet kanatiere ku jan\u00eb stampuar Abraham Lincoln, presidentit q\u00eb ka abroguar skllav\u00ebrin\u00eb, dhe slogani \u201cAbolish sleevery\u201d (n\u00eb anglisht sleeve<\/em> do t\u00eb thot\u00eb \u201cm\u00ebng\u00eb\u201d, por ting\u00ebllon e ngjashme me slavery<\/em>, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb \u201cskllav\u00ebri\u201d). N\u00eb nj\u00eb qytet q\u00eb mban emrin e George Armstrong Custer, nj\u00eb oficer i ushtris\u00eb i njohur i ushtris\u00eb pse ka p\u00ebrdorur grat\u00eb dhe f\u00ebmij\u00ebt vendas si mburoja njer\u00ebzore, dyqanet turistike shesin nj\u00eb bluze q\u00eb paraqet disa prej lider\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj vendas \u2013 Shef Jozefi, Demi i Ulur, Jeronimo dhe Reja e Kuqe \u2013 dhe i quan \u201cet\u00ebrit themelues origjinal\u00eb\u201d, nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, me karaktere t\u00eb formuar nga yje, lexon \u201cMir\u00ebseerdh\u00ebt n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb, tani flisni anglisht\u201d\u201d.<\/p>\n Vepra t\u00eb oportunizmit<\/strong><\/p>\n Duke vazhduar akoma arrihet n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ndoshta simboli m\u00eb i madh i patriotizmit amerikan, Mali Rushmore, mbi t\u00eb cilin kan\u00eb skalitur kokat e George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt dhe Abraham Lincoln, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb respektivisht lindjen, rritjen, zhvillimin dhe stabilitetin e Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara. \u00c7do kok\u00eb shkon n\u00eb rreth 18 metra lart\u00ebsi. M\u00eb tej, duke shkuar drejt per\u00ebndimit, haset nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr akoma m\u00eb marramend\u00ebse pse m\u00eb mir\u00eb pjesa e vog\u00ebl e nj\u00eb vepre, q\u00eb sikur do t\u00eb kompletohej ndonjher\u00eb, do t\u00eb ishte monumenti m\u00eb i madh i bot\u00ebs. \u00cbsht\u00eb Crazy Horse Memorial, n\u00eb thelb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e madhe e gurt\u00eb mbi t\u00eb cilat prej dekadash po skalitet figura e Kalit t\u00eb \u00c7mendur, lider i madh i vendasve oglala lakota<\/em>. T\u00eb dy veprat jan\u00eb 14 kilometra larg nj\u00ebra tjetr\u00ebs. P\u00ebrballen si dy katedrale t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb festojn\u00eb dy vizione t\u00eb kund\u00ebrta t\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtit kult. Ngjarjet q\u00eb kan\u00eb \u00e7uar n\u00eb lindjen e d monumenteve dhe sidomos t\u00eb dy njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb i kan\u00eb komceptuar, p\u00ebrmbledhin jo edhe aq historin\u00eb e Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara, por m\u00eb shum\u00eb se tjet\u00ebr m\u00ebnyra me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn historia p\u00ebrcillet, modifikohet, kontestohet, nganj\u00ebher\u00eb okultohet, dhe n\u00eb fund tregohet.<\/p>\n E inauguar n\u00eb tetorin e vitit 1941 pas 14 vitesh pune, Mali Rushmore ishte konceptuar nga skulptori Gutzon Borglum si nj\u00eb celebrim i madh\u00ebshtis\u00eb s\u00eb kombit, e paprecedent n\u00eb historin\u00eb e njer\u00ebzimit. \u201cKy kolos \u00ebsht\u00eb gjurma jon\u00eb\u201d, tha nj\u00eb her\u00eb. N\u00eb realitet, ka shkruar \u201cSmithsonian Magazine\u201d, \u201cBorglum kishte mbi shpatulla nj\u00eb histori t\u00eb shpifur dhe monumenti i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb d\u00ebshmi e egos dhe ambicies s\u00eb sh\u00ebmtuar q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb baz\u00ebn e disa triumfeve m\u00eb t\u00eb famshme amerikane\u201d. N\u00eb vitin 1914 Borglum, nj\u00eb skulptor modest nga Connecticut, u kontaktua nga Helen Plane, presidente e shoqat\u00ebs \u201cBijat e Bashkuara t\u00eb Konfederat\u00ebs\u201d, q\u00eb i k\u00ebrkoi t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb nj\u00eb \u201csanktuar t\u00eb jugut\u201d, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb monument q\u00eb nderonte personat q\u00eb pat\u00ebn mbrojtur skllav\u00ebrin\u00eb gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs civile. Borglum i paraqiti nj\u00eb bocet p\u00ebr nj\u00eb skulptur\u00eb t\u00eb madhe q\u00eb paraqiste Robert E. Lee dhe Stonewall Jackson, gjeneral\u00eb t\u00eb ushtris\u00eb sudiste. Helen Plane ishte entuziaste dhe i nisi punimet. Vepra, nj\u00eb bazoreliev mbi Stone Mountain, nj\u00eb shk\u00ebmb i madh prej kuarci af\u00ebr me Atlanta n\u00eb shtetin Georgia, u inaugurua n\u00eb vitin 1972. Bir mormon\u00ebsh poligam\u00eb nga Idaho, Borglum nuk kishte lidhje me konfederat\u00ebn, por ishte nj\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs i suprematizmit t\u00eb bardh\u00eb. \u201cN\u00eb letrat e tij\u201d, rr\u00ebfen Smithsonian, \u201cpreokupohej p\u00ebr nj\u00eb \u201chordhi bastard\u00ebsh\u201d q\u00eb do t\u00eb pushtonte past\u00ebrtin\u00eb \u201cnordike\u201d t\u00eb per\u00ebndimit\u201d. Nj\u00eb her\u00eb tha: \u201cNuk do t\u2019i besoja nj\u00eb indiani n\u00ebnt\u00eb her\u00eb nga dhjet\u00eb\u201d. Por ishte mbi t\u00eb gjitha nj\u00eb oportunist. U afrua me Ku Klux Klan, q\u00eb kishte dal\u00eb i dob\u00ebsuar nga lufta civile, por kishte rilindur n\u00eb fillimet e \u2018900: organizimi racist dhe suprematist financoi projektin dhe organizoi nj\u00eb flakadan n\u00eb maj\u00ebn e Stone Mountain m\u00eb 1915.<\/p>\n N\u00eb vitin 1924 Borglum u kontaktua nga Doane Robinson, nj\u00eb historian nga South Dakota q\u00eb kishte m\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr Stone Mountain dhe po mendonte t\u00eb realizonte nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr t\u00eb ngjashme n\u00eb Black Hills, me shpres\u00ebn q\u00eb mund t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqte turist\u00eb drejt shtetit. Sipas Robinson, vepra duhej t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonte \u201cjo vet\u00ebm madh\u00ebshtin\u00eb e eg\u00ebr t\u00eb gjeografis\u00eb lokale, por edhe triumfin e qytet\u00ebrimit per\u00ebndimor mbi at\u00eb gjeografi, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimit antropomorf t\u00eb saj\u201d. Ideja fillestare e Robinson parashikonte skalitjen mbi shk\u00ebmb e personazheve t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb Per\u00ebndimit, si Lewis dhe Clark,njer\u00ebzit e par\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb t\u00eb arrinin bregun e Paq\u00ebsorit n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb, Reja e Kuqe, Kali i \u00c7mendur dhe Sakagavea vendas, dhe gjenerali John Fremont. Kurse Borglum ishte i bindur se p\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr turist\u00ebt sh\u00ebrbenin fytyrat m\u00eb t\u00eb njohura dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb njohshme, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb vendosi t\u00eb skalis\u00eb n\u00eb granit t\u00eb kat\u00ebr president\u00ebt, q\u00eb simbolizonin \u201cnj\u00eb krijim t\u00eb lindur, planifikuar dhe formuar n\u00eb mendjen dhe n\u00eb duart e amerikan\u00ebve p\u00ebr amerikan\u00ebt\u201d.<\/p>\n Me goditje monumentesh<\/strong><\/p>\n Lakota dhe tribut\u00eb e tjera indigjene e kontestuan projektin qysh nga fillimi. Si gj\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb e shikonin si nj\u00eb profanim t\u00eb territoreve t\u00eb shenjta dhe pastaj nuk mund t\u00eb duronin q\u00eb n\u00eb malet e tyre t\u00eb shfaqeshin fytyrat gjigante t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb pat\u00ebn zbatuar politika shfarosjeje ndaj vendasve. Theodore Roosevelt, i cili qe president nga 1901 n\u00eb 1909, ishte i njohur p\u00ebr pozicionet ekstreme t\u00eb tij, nj\u00eb her\u00eb tha: \u201cNuk u arrit n\u00eb pik\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb mendohej se indian\u00ebt e vet\u00ebm t\u00eb mir\u00eb jan\u00eb indian\u00ebt e vdekur, por besoj se \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb p\u00ebr 9 nga 10 prej tyre dhe do t\u00eb preferoja t\u00eb mos hetohej deri n\u00eb fund p\u00ebr t\u00eb dhjetin\u201d. K\u00ebshtu Mali Rushmore u b\u00eb simboli i padrejt\u00ebsive t\u00eb shkaktuara nga qeveria e Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara popujve vendas dhe nga k\u00ebtu lindi ideja e p\u00ebrgjigjes s\u00eb monumentit \u00eb realizuar nga njer\u00ebzit e bardh\u00eb me nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr tjet\u00ebr, mund\u00ebsisht edhe m\u00eb e madhe, p\u00ebr t\u2019i treguar bot\u00ebs s\u00eb edhe popujt vendas kishin heronjt\u00eb e m\u00ebdhenj t\u00eb tyre. Zgjedhja ra mbi Kalin e \u00c7mendur (Crazy Horse), luft\u00ebtarin oglala lakota<\/em> q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1876 shpartalloi gjeneralin George Armstrong Custer dhe Regjimentin e 7 t\u00eb Kalor\u00ebsve n\u00eb betej\u00ebn e Little Bighorn. Nj\u00eb skulptur\u00eb e menduar p\u00ebr t\u00eb err\u00ebsuar nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, por edhe monumenti p\u00ebr Kalin e \u00c7mendur qysh nga fillimi i sh\u00ebnua nga kontradikta dhe polemika.<\/p>\n Historia filloi n\u00eb vitin 1939, kur nj\u00eb lakota i moshuar i quajtur Ariu n\u00eb K\u00ebmb\u00eb i shkroi Korczak Ziolkowski, nj\u00eb skulptori q\u00eb kishte punuar p\u00ebr nk\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr n\u00eb Malin Rushmore, duke i k\u00ebrkuar t\u00eb imagjinoj\u00eb nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr q\u00eb t\u00eb celebronte historin\u00eb dhe kultur\u00ebn e vendasve. Ziolkowski ishte bir i dy emigrant\u00ebve polak\u00eb t\u00eb emigruar n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara n\u00eb fillimet e shekullit. Kur qe shum\u00eb i vog\u00ebl prind\u00ebrit i vdiq\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb incident me vark\u00eb dhe ai u rrit nga nj\u00eb familje irlandeze e Boston. Babai adoptiv ishte nj\u00eb boksier. M\u00ebsoi vet\u00ebm t\u00eb skulptoj\u00eb dhe n\u00eb 1939, pasi pati fituar nj\u00eb \u00e7mim artistik n\u00eb Ekspozit\u00ebn Universale t\u00eb New York, u v\u00ebrejt nga Ariu n\u00eb K\u00ebmb\u00eb. N\u00eb vitin 1947 Ziolkowski u transferua n\u00eb South Dakota dhe filloi t\u00eb bler\u00eb troje. Nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb pas prezantoi projektin e vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb tij. \u201cDua t\u00eb riparoj gabimin q\u00eb kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebta njer\u00ebz\u201d, tha ai. Arikulli i \u201cNew Yorker\u201d rr\u00ebfen se \u201cZiolkowski u nis me pak para, nj\u00eb kompresor t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr difektoz dhe nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb prej druri me 741 shkall\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur an\u00ebn e malit\u201d. Gruaja e la sepse mendonte se ishte tep\u00ebr i z\u00ebn\u00eb me k\u00ebto projekte dhe shum\u00eb pak me familjen. N\u00eb vitin 1950 skuptori u rimartua me Ruth Ross, nj\u00eb vullnetare n\u00eb vend q\u00eb ishte 18 vite m\u00eb pak se ai. Ceremonia u mbajt Dit\u00ebn e Falenderimit, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb Ziolkowski t\u00eb mos merrte nj\u00eb dit\u00eb pushim. N\u00eb nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb Ruth rr\u00ebfeu se i shoqi e kishte paralajm\u00ebruar p\u00ebrpara martes\u00ebs: mali do t\u00eb kishte qen\u00eb n\u00eb vendin e par\u00eb, ajo n\u00eb t\u00eb dytin dhe f\u00ebmij\u00ebt n\u00eb t\u00eb tretin. \u201cMund ta kuptoni pse kemi pasur 10 f\u00ebmij\u00eb\u201d, tha nj\u00eb her\u00eb Ziolkowski. \u201cDjemt\u00eb mund t\u00eb punonin n\u00eb mal dhe vajzat mund t\u00eb merreshin me vizitor\u00ebt\u201d.<\/p>\n Ziolkowski ka konceptuar nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb produkt i megalomanis\u00eb s\u00eb tij. Teorikisht duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsoj\u00eb Kalin e \u00c7mendur mbi kal\u00eb, me flok\u00ebt e gjata q\u00eb ia merr era dhe krahun e majt\u00eb t\u00eb shtrir\u00eb q\u00eb tregon horizontin. N\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin e punimeve, monumenti duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb p\u00ebrmasa marramend\u00ebse: sikur kokat e president\u00ebve t\u00eb Malit Rushmore t\u00eb qen\u00eb vendosur nj\u00ebra sip\u00ebr tjetr\u00ebs, do t\u00eb arrinin n\u00eb m\u00eb pak se gjysma e Kalit t\u00eb \u00c7mendur; vesh\u00ebt e Kalit duhej t\u00eb ishin t\u00eb m\u00ebdha si autobus. Megalomania e \u00e7oi skulptorin t\u2019i n\u00ebnvler\u00ebsonte kostot dhe afatet e nevojshme p\u00ebr kompletimin e vepr\u00ebs. N\u00eb vitin 1951 vler\u00ebsoi se do t\u2019i duheshin 30 vjet, por kur vdiq n\u00eb vitin 1982, \u201cskulptura ishte akoma nj\u00eb shk\u00ebmb amorf dhe i thepisur\u201d, rr\u00ebfen \u201cNew Yorker\u201d.<\/p>\n Pas vdekjes s\u00eb Ziolkowski, e shoqja vendosi t\u2019i p\u00ebrq\u00ebndroj\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr rifinitur\u00ebn e fytyr\u00ebs s\u00eb Kalit t\u00eb \u00c7mendur, deri m\u00eb sot pjesa e vetme e p\u00ebrfunduar e objektit. N\u00eb ceremonin\u00eb e inaugurimit n\u00eb vitin 1998 mori pjes\u00eb presidenti Bill Clinton. Fakti q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar kurr\u00eb nuk e ka penguar memorialin t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb atraksion i madh turistik dhe nj\u00eb makin\u00eb parash\u00eb. \u201c\u00c7do vit m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 1 milion njer\u00ebz vizitojn\u00eb Crazy Horse Memorial, nj\u00eb em\u00ebr thuajse gjithmon\u00eb i ndjekur, n\u00eb broshura dhe kartela, nga simboli i copyright<\/em>. Paguajn\u00eb nj\u00eb bilet\u00eb hyr\u00ebse (aktualisht 30 dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr automobil), plus nj\u00eb ekstra t\u00eb vog\u00ebl p\u00ebr nj\u00eb udh\u00ebtim t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr me autobus deri n\u00eb rr\u00ebz\u00ebn e malit, ku fotografit\u00eb b\u00ebhen m\u00eb mir\u00eb, dhe nj\u00eb ekstra t\u00eb konsiderueshme (nj\u00eb donacion i detyruar prej 125 dollar\u00ebsh) p\u00ebr t\u00eb vizituar maj\u00ebn. N\u00eb restorant han\u00eb frybread<\/em> (nj\u00eb pjat\u00eb tipike vendase) dhe mish bualli, n\u00eb dyqanin e suvenireve blejn\u00eb bluza, peli\u00e7e lepuri, kit p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e tepive dhe helmetave p\u00ebrkujtuese\u201d.<\/p>\n N\u00eb vitin fiskal 2018, Crazy Horse Memorial Foundation ka ark\u00ebtuar 12.5 milion dollar\u00eb nga biletat e hyrjes dhe nga donacionet, si dhe ka deklaruar nj\u00eb pasuri neto prej 77 milion dollar\u00ebsh. K\u00ebto shifra t\u00eb dh\u00ebna nuk mbajn\u00eb parasysh fitimet e Korczak\u2019s Heritage INC, nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb me q\u00ebllim fitimi q\u00eb menaxhon dyqanin e suvenireve, restorantin, snack bar<\/em> dhe sh\u00ebrbimin e autobusit q\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7on tek skulptura. Broshurat e shp\u00ebrndara n\u00eb uebsajt shpjegojn\u00eb se paraja e shpenzuar n\u00eb memorial shkon n\u00eb p\u00ebrfitim t\u00eb kauzave t\u00eb vendasve amerikane. N\u00eb realitet jeta e komuniteteve vcndase t\u00eb South Dakota, si ato t\u00eb pjes\u00ebs tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb vendit, sh\u00ebnohet nga varf\u00ebria dhe nga mungesa e mund\u00ebsive. N\u00eb rezerv\u00ebn Pine Ridge, rajoni n\u00eb juglindje t\u00eb memorialit ku n\u00eb \u2018800 u transferuan me forc\u00eb tribut\u00eb e p\u00ebrz\u00ebna nga Black Hills, shum\u00eb familje mezi arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb paguajn\u00eb faturat, n\u00eb disa raste dhjet\u00ebra njer\u00ebz jetojn\u00eb bashk\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb rulot, dhe mb\u00ebshteten n\u00eb subvencionet e qeveris\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur t\u00eb ushqejn\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebt.<\/p>\n Por p\u00ebrve\u00e7 aspektit socioekonomik ka nj\u00eb kulturor, q\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me kuptimin e nj\u00eb vepre si ajo e ideuar nga Ziolkowski. Fakti q\u00eb del n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend q\u00eb p\u00ebr vendasit \u00ebsht\u00eb simboli i padrejt\u00ebsive t\u00eb paimagjinueshme, duhet konsideruar nj\u00eb fitore p\u00ebr pinoll\u00ebt e tribuve t\u00eb keqtrajtuara, sikur n\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre nj\u00eb popull ta ripron\u00ebsonte sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e tij historike? Shum\u00eb prej vendasve t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre zonave mendojn\u00eb se jo. Ka q\u00eb beson se ideja ishte e gabuar n\u00eb nisje, rr\u00ebfen \u201cNew Yorker\u201d: \u201cDisa theksojn\u00eb se nj\u00eb skulptur\u00eb e dimensioneve t\u00eb nj\u00eb mali nuk e p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson jet\u00ebn e Kalit t\u00eb \u00c7mendur, q\u00eb ishte i njohur p\u00ebr thjesht\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij, e konsideruar nj\u00eb vler\u00eb themelore n\u00eb kultur\u00ebn lakota. Nuk vishej kurr\u00eb si\u00e7 duhej dhe nuk fotografohej kurr\u00eb. P\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb vdiste i k\u00ebrkoi familjes s\u00eb tij t\u00eb futej n\u00eb nj\u00eb varr pa em\u00ebr: \u201cN\u00eb gjuh\u00eb lakota, Black Hills njihen si He Sapa apo Paha Sapa, emra q\u00eb nganj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebrkthehen si \u201czemra e gjith\u00eb asaj q\u00eb ekziston\u201d. Kali i \u00c7mendur ka luftuar gjith\u00eb jet\u00ebn e tij p\u00ebr t\u2019i mbrojtur. Shp\u00ebrthimi fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr fjal\u00eb i nj\u00eb mali mbi k\u00ebto toka t\u00eb shenjta mund t\u00eb shikohet si nj\u00eb sulm i madh ndaj gjith\u00eb asaj q\u00eb ai ka p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuar\u201d. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz mendojn\u00eb se vepra \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se \u00e7do gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr nj\u00eb monument p\u00ebr Ziolkowski dhe familjen e tij, q\u00eb ka fituar miliona dollar\u00eb duke shfryt\u00ebzuar imazhin e nj\u00eb lideri indigjen.<\/p>\n \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb parabol\u00eb q\u00eb nuk habit, n\u00ebse mendohet m\u00ebnyra e rrezikshme me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn shfryt\u00ebzohet prej m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb shekulli imazhi i Kalit t\u00eb \u00c7mendur. N\u00eb vitin 2001 Hornell Brewing, nj\u00eb kompani prodhuese e birr\u00ebs, u detyrua ta ndryshoj\u00eb emrin dhe logon e modelit Kali i \u00c7mendur, i lan\u00e7uar 9 vite m\u00eb par\u00eb, pasi q\u00eb pinjoll\u00ebt e Kalit t\u00eb \u00c7mendur kishin b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb padi (lideri vendas e p\u00ebr\u00e7monte alkoolin pasi mendonte se kishte nj\u00eb efekt shum\u00eb t\u00eb keq mbi vendasit). Kompania k\u00ebrkoi falje publike dhe si d\u00ebmshp\u00ebrblim u dor\u00ebzoi vendasve jorgan\u00eb, kuaj dhe bishtalec\u00eb prej sweetgrass<\/em>. N\u00eb vitin 2016, gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb padie t\u00eb lindur nga nj\u00eb diskutim midis nj\u00eb strip club<\/em> dhe nj\u00eb kompanie konsulence, t\u00eb dyja t\u00eb quajtura Kali i \u00c7mendur, nj\u00eb gjykat\u00ebs shkroi: \u201cIndivid\u00eb dhe kompani q\u00eb e kan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur mark\u00ebn \u201cKali i \u00c7mendur\u201d p\u00ebr t\u00eb promovuar pajime p\u00ebr moto\u00e7ikleta, uiski, pushk\u00eb dhe, natyrisht, lokale strip dhe vall\u00ebzimi ekzotik. T\u00eb pakt\u00ebn nga vitet \u201970, lokalet e nat\u00ebs Kali i \u00c7mendur qen\u00eb hapur kudo, nga Anchorage, n\u00eb Alaska, n\u00eb Pompano Beach t\u00eb Florida\u201d. N\u00eb thelb, \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb kultura e indigjen\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb absorbuar nga ajo amerikane gjat\u00eb shekujve. Fakte, njer\u00ebz dhe ngjarje qendrore n\u00eb historin\u00ebe vendasve kan\u00eb qen\u00eb private n\u00eb vler\u00ebn e tyre fillestare dhe kan\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar p\u00ebr ta ushqyer mitin e pushtimit t\u00eb per\u00ebndimit dhe nostalgjin\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb bot\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n (nga Americana<\/em>)<\/p>\n P\u00ebrgatiti<\/strong><\/p>\n ARMIN TIRANA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Kush ka udh\u00ebtuar n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara e di se ka vende n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat shum\u00eb prej narrativave q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb historin\u00eb e vendit p\u00ebrputhen literalisht mbi nj\u00ebra tjetr\u00ebn, duke krijuar nj\u00eb efekt t\u00eb \u00e7uditsh\u00ebm, por edhe duke zbuluar disa dinamika t\u00eb thella q\u00eb mund t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb aspekte t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb dhe t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":53664,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[42],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53663","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-kulture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53663","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=53663"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53663\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/53664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53663"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53663"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=53663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}