{"id":54876,"date":"2023-08-30T11:07:41","date_gmt":"2023-08-30T11:07:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=54876"},"modified":"2023-08-30T11:13:32","modified_gmt":"2023-08-30T11:13:32","slug":"deutsche-welle-rama-autokrati-i-ballkanit-be-te-heqe-dore-nga-stabilokracia-ne-kembim-te-demokracise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/2023\/08\/30\/deutsche-welle-rama-autokrati-i-ballkanit-be-te-heqe-dore-nga-stabilokracia-ne-kembim-te-demokracise\/","title":{"rendered":"Deutsche Welle: Rama autokrati i Ballkanit, BE t\u00eb heq\u00eb dor\u00eb nga stabilokracia n\u00eb k\u00ebmbim t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"

BE nuk duhet q\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t\u00eb heq\u00eb dor\u00eb prej demokracis\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan p\u00ebr hir t\u00eb nj\u00eb gjoja stabiliteti apo bashk\u00ebpunimi kund\u00ebr Rusis\u00eb. Stabilokrat\u00ebt e rajonit, pra autokrat\u00ebt, q\u00eb i shesin BE-s\u00eb premtimin p\u00ebr stabilitet n\u00eb k\u00ebmbim t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb demaskohen, e n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb presidenti serb Aleksandar Vu\u00e7iq.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Florian Bieber,
\nDeutsche Welle<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 2003, p\u00ebrpara 20 vjet\u00ebsh, krer\u00ebt e shteteve de t\u00eb qeverive t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Ballkanit u takuan n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb Selanikut. Ajo q\u00eb qysh at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb rutin\u00eb, asokohe ishte nj\u00eb sinjal i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm. Vendet e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor t\u00eb karakterizuar nga lufta, shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e shtetit dhe regjimet autoritare, duhet ta ken\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen e tyre n\u00eb BE. Ky premtim duhej t\u00eb sh\u00ebnonte kalimin nga koha e pasluft\u00ebs n\u00eb nj\u00eb faz\u00eb t\u00eb shpres\u00ebs ndaj s\u00eb ardhmes europiane, por n\u00eb fakt nodhi ndryshe.<\/p>\n

Problemet e rajonit nuk mund t\u00eb zgjidheshin vet\u00ebm me premtimin p\u00ebr nj\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsim t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm n\u00eb BE. Si nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsuese rezultatet e BE-s\u00eb ishin modeste. BE-ja nuk ia doli q\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebn dhe Hercegovin\u00ebn t\u2019i kthente n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet, q\u00eb ka struktura funksionale, po ashtu nuk u arrit, q\u00eb t\u00eb kufizohej etnosocializmi shkat\u00ebrrimtar. Edhe mbi dhjet\u00eb vjet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsimit n\u00eb dialogun mes Serbis\u00eb dhe Kosov\u00ebs nuk jan\u00eb arritur suksese t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht nacionalizmi dhe revizionizmi historik jan\u00eb sot m\u00eb t\u00eb theksuara se n\u00eb vitin 2003. Shkurt, periudha e pasluft\u00ebs i ngjan asaj t\u00eb paraluft\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht edhe optimizmi n\u00eb BE optimizmi \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb r\u00ebnie. Fillimisht d\u00ebshtoi nj\u00eb kushtetut\u00eb europiane n\u00eb referendumet n\u00eb Franc\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Holand\u00eb. Q\u00eb prej kriz\u00ebs ekonomike dhe financiare 2007\/2008 BE-ja po has nga nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb n\u00eb tjetr\u00ebn, aq sa me sa duket nuk mbetet koh\u00eb p\u00ebr plane ambicioze. Vet\u00ebm Kroacia ia ka dal\u00eb qysh at\u00ebher\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsohet n\u00eb BE. P\u00ebr t\u00eb gjasht\u00eb vendet e tjera, t\u00eb cil\u00ebve iu ofrua an\u00ebtar\u00ebsia at\u00ebher\u00eb, rruga vazhdon t\u00eb mbetet e gjat\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrprerja e zgjerimit nuk ka qen\u00eb asnj\u00ebher\u00eb kaq e gjat\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Asnj\u00ebher\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb q\u00eb prej 50 vjet\u00ebsh BE nuk e ka shtyr\u00eb kaq shum\u00eb nd\u00ebrprerjen e procesit t\u00eb zgjerimit. Q\u00eb me an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimin e Irland\u00ebs, Danimark\u00ebs dhe Britanis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe m\u00eb 1973 ritmi i zgjerimit t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb ka qen\u00eb m\u00eb pak se dhjet\u00eb vjet, kur jan\u00eb pranuar vende t\u00eb reja n\u00eb grup. Por tani nga premtimi i Selanikut kan\u00eb kaluar 20 vjet, edhe q\u00eb prej an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimit t\u00eb fundit, Kroacis\u00eb, kan\u00eb kaluar dhjet\u00eb vjet \u2013 dhe asnj\u00eb an\u00ebtar i ri nuk pritet n\u00eb vitet e ardhshme, Kjo nd\u00ebrprerje e gjat\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ndonj\u00eb gj\u00eb e papritur, sepse gjasht\u00eb vendet n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb presin ashtu si pret Turqia, Ukraina, Moldavia edhe Gjeorgjia.<\/p>\n

Por procesi nuk po avancon. N\u00eb Turqi p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsia kryesisht r\u00ebndon ndaj presidentit autoritar Erdogan. N\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor ka po ashtu krer\u00eb autoritar shtetesh apo qeverish, q\u00eb qendrojn\u00eb n\u00eb pushteti si Erdogani me taktikat e pushtetit nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb vet\u00ebm fjal\u00eb boshe p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimin n\u00eb BE. Presidenti i Serbis\u00eb Aleksandar Vu\u00e7iq ndjek m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti shembullin e Erdoganit, ruan marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie me Rusin\u00eb, me Turqin\u00eb si edhe me Kin\u00ebn dhe me Shtetet e Gjirit Persik, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos qen\u00eb fort i varur nga Europa.<\/p>\n

Asnj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje ndaj p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb autokrat\u00ebve<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00eb tjer\u00eb autokrat\u00eb, q\u00eb nga burri i fort\u00eb i entitetit boshnjak, Reoublika Srpska, Milorad Dodik, e deri tek kryeministri i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Edi Rama, kan\u00eb raporte t\u00eb ndryshme me BE-n\u00eb, por t\u00eb gjith\u00eb mund t\u00eb jetojn\u00eb n\u00ebn hijen e zgjerimit t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb.Disa si Dodik, pozicionohe si anti-per\u00ebndimor\u00eb duke provkuar, flirtojn\u00eb me Putinin dhe p\u00ebrpiqen q\u00eb ta minojn\u00eb nga ana tjet\u00ebr paqen n\u00eb rajon. T\u00eb tjer\u00eb si Rama mb\u00ebshteteten tek BE, por abuzojn\u00eb me pushtetin e tyre personal.<\/p>\n

BE nuk ka ndonj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje ndaj p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb autokracis\u00eb. Disa si Dodik ndon\u00ebse kritikohen mund t\u00eb mbij\u00ebtojn\u00eb dhe marrin jehon\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm nga Mosska, por edhe brenda BE-s\u00eb. BE shpesh kthehet n\u00eb implikator p\u00ebr premtimet e dhena afatshkurt\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

Kryeministri Vu\u00e7iq ia del gjithmon\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb shitet si zjarrfik\u00ebs, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shuar zjarret q\u00eb i ndez vet. Shpesh BE-ja n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast kthehet n\u00eb implikatore, duke i mbyllur syt\u00eb ndaj sulmeve kund\u00ebr liris\u00eb s\u00eb medias dhe autokrat\u00ebve n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor.<\/p>\n

BE- Nuk ka m\u00eb bart\u00ebs shprese<\/strong><\/p>\n

An\u00ebtar\u00ebsimi n\u00eb BE dhe premtimi i kusht\u00ebzuar me shtetin ligjor dhe demokracin\u00eb ka koh\u00eb q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb m\u00eb tema p\u00ebrcaktuese. P\u00ebr BE-n\u00eb m\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi ka menaxhimi i krizave, p\u00ebrtej vlerave \u2013 qoft\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb migracionit p\u00ebrmes k\u00ebtij rajoni, qoft\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb kufizuar influenc\u00ebn e Rusis\u00eb. Edhe n\u00eb rajon BE-ja nuk konsiderohet m\u00eb si bart\u00ebs i shpres\u00ebs. N\u00eb shum\u00eb demonstrata kund\u00ebr shkat\u00ebrrimit t\u00eb mjedisit dhe dhun\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebr demokracin\u00eb, q\u00eb zhvillohen vazhdimisht jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Serbi, nuk val\u00ebviten m\u00eb flamujt e BE-s\u00eb. BE-ja dhe vendet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb saj kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb pakte me autokrat\u00ebt, prej koh\u00ebsh unioni nuk konsiderohet m\u00eb simbol p\u00ebr nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen demokratike.<\/p>\n

Se si mund t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb m\u00eb tej, k\u00ebt\u00eb e kemi p\u00ebrkufizuar s\u00eb fundi n\u00eb grupin Balkans in Europe Policy Advisory Group (BiEPAG): Zgjerimi i BE-s\u00eb q\u00eb nga viti 2022 nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb nj\u00eb proces vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor, por edhe p\u00ebr Ukrain\u00ebn dhe Republik\u00ebn e Moldavis\u00eb, si dhe potencialisht edhe p\u00ebr shtete si Gjeorgjia. Kjo i jep procesit s\u00ebrish nj\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe politike. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb, q\u00eb shtetet duhet t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhme t\u00eb planifikueshme n\u00eb BE, pa abuzuar me t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e vetos nga an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e BE-s\u00eb, si praktikohet nga Bullgaria n\u00eb rastin e Maqedonis\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut.<\/p>\n

Heqje dor\u00eb prej konceptit t\u00eb stabilokracis\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e ardhsh\u00ebm nevojiten edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb parat\u00eb e BE-s\u00eb, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb zbuten dallimet n\u00eb zhvillim mes an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb unionit dhe atyre vendeve q\u00eb do t\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsohen. Demokracia dhe shteti ligjor duhet t\u00eb mbeten n\u00eb fokus t\u00eb zgjerimit. Komisari aktual i zgjerimit, Oliver Varhelyi, si krahu i zgjatur i Viktor Orbanit minon besimin e BE-s\u00eb kundrejt vendeve t\u00eb Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor, por edhe t\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb duhet nj\u00eb komisar me m\u00eb shum\u00eb pesh\u00eb dhe me nj\u00eb background m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Gjithashtu BE nuk duhet q\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t\u00eb heq\u00eb dor\u00eb prej demokracis\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan p\u00ebr hir t\u00eb nj\u00eb gjoja stabiliteti apo bashk\u00ebpunimi kund\u00ebr Rusis\u00eb. Stabilokrat\u00ebt e rajonit, pra autokrat\u00ebt, q\u00eb i shesin BE-s\u00eb premtimin p\u00ebr stabilitet n\u00eb k\u00ebmbim t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb demaskohen, e n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb presidenti serb Aleksandar Vu\u00e7iq.<\/p>\n

Premtimi i Selanikut i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm edhe p\u00ebr Ukrain\u00ebn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Se sa e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo, e tregon fakti, q\u00eb nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebautore e studimit ton\u00eb, Jovana Marovic, ish-ministre p\u00ebr Integrimin Europian n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, m\u00eb 23 gusht 2023 u arrestua n\u00eb aeroportin e Beogradit dhe iu refuzua udh\u00ebtimi n\u00eb Serbi. Ajo sipas autoriteteve serbe paraqiste \u201crrezik p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb\u201d. Nj\u00eb praktik\u00eb e till\u00eb ndaj politikan\u00ebve nga vendet fqinj t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e re \u2013 me k\u00ebt\u00eb Vu\u00e7iq ka hapur nj\u00eb etap\u00eb t\u00eb re p\u00ebrshkall\u00ebzimi, jo vet\u00ebm ndaj Malit t\u00eb Zi, pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e t\u00eb cilit Serbia nuk e ka pranuar asnj\u00ebher\u00eb, por edhe n\u00eb mbar\u00eb rajonin e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor.<\/p>\n

Ka nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb propozimesh t\u00eb reja p\u00ebr metodat e zgjerimit, por n\u00eb fund asnj\u00ebra nuk do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb, n\u00ebse mungon vullneti politik. BE-ja duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb e gatshme, q\u00eb t\u2019i pranoj\u00eb shtetet e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor, n\u00ebse ato i plot\u00ebsojn\u00eb kushtet.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse BE-ja nuk ia del, ta integroj\u00eb n\u00eb union Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor, at\u00ebher\u00eb ting\u00ebllon jo bind\u00ebs edhe \u00e7do premtim p\u00ebr antar\u00ebsimin e Ukrain\u00ebs. Shkurt, me k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb rrezikohet shum\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, se sa vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb premtim i vjet\u00ebr para 20 vjet\u00ebsh, q\u00eb deri tani nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb mbajtur.<\/p>\n

*Florian Bieber \u00ebsht\u00eb profesor p\u00ebr historin\u00eb dhe politik\u00ebn e Europ\u00ebs Juglindore n\u00eb Universitetin e Gracit n\u00eb Austri. Ai drejton Balkans in Europe Policy Advisory Group (BiEPAG). Libri i tij mbi tem\u00ebn \u201cBallkani fu\u00e7i baruti\u201d s\u00eb shpejti do t\u00eb botohet nga sht\u00ebpia botuese Christoph Links n\u00eb Berlin<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

BE nuk duhet q\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t\u00eb heq\u00eb dor\u00eb prej demokracis\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan p\u00ebr hir t\u00eb nj\u00eb gjoja stabiliteti apo bashk\u00ebpunimi kund\u00ebr Rusis\u00eb. Stabilokrat\u00ebt e rajonit, pra autokrat\u00ebt, q\u00eb i shesin BE-s\u00eb premtimin p\u00ebr stabilitet n\u00eb k\u00ebmbim t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb demaskohen, e n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb presidenti serb Aleksandar Vu\u00e7iq. Florian Bieber, Deutsche Welle …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":54877,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54876","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-editorial","category-politike"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54876","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54876"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54876\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/54877"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54876"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54876"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54876"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}