{"id":65134,"date":"2023-11-30T10:39:30","date_gmt":"2023-11-30T10:39:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=65134"},"modified":"2023-11-30T10:42:52","modified_gmt":"2023-11-30T10:42:52","slug":"ne-mision-deri-ne-vitin-e-100-te-te-jetes-nderron-jete-babai-i-diplomacise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/2023\/11\/30\/ne-mision-deri-ne-vitin-e-100-te-te-jetes-nderron-jete-babai-i-diplomacise\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00eb mision deri n\u00eb vitin e 100-t\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00ebs, nd\u00ebrron jet\u00eb \u201cbabai i diplomacis\u00eb\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Henry Kissinger, i cili vdiq t\u00eb m\u00ebrkur\u00ebn n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 100-vje\u00e7are, personifikoi politik\u00ebn e jashtme t\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb gjat\u00eb administratave t\u00eb president\u00ebve Richard Nixon dhe Gerald Ford, duke sh\u00ebrbyer si sekretar i shtetit i t\u00eb dy president\u00ebve dhe duke fituar lavdi p\u00ebr sukseset diplomatike, por duke nxitur edhe polemika p\u00ebr pik\u00ebpamjet e tij politike p\u00ebr bot\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Njoftimi p\u00ebr vdekjen u dha nga kompania e tij e konsulencave e cila nuk shpalosi shkaqet.<\/p>\n

I njohur si nj\u00eb studiues, fitues i \u00e7mimit Nobel p\u00ebr Paqe dhe nj\u00eb refugjat i shquar n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara, Henry Kissinger u b\u00eb nj\u00eb ikon\u00eb kulturore, duke frym\u00ebzuar biografi t\u00eb shumta, t\u00eb mira e t\u00eb k\u00ebqija dhe t\u00eb satirizuara nga grupi Monty Python.<\/p>\n

Mendimtari konservator ndihmoi n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb suksesesh diplomatike, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb afrimin me Kin\u00ebn dhe shtensionimin me Bashkimin Sovjetik. Atij iu dha \u00c7mimi Nobel p\u00ebr Paqe s\u00eb bashku me Le Duc Tho nga Vietnami i Veriut, p\u00ebr p\u00ebrpjekjet e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb negociuar p\u00ebrfundimin e Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Vietnamit.<\/p>\n

Henry Kissinger gjithashtu sh\u00ebnoi arritje t\u00eb shumta n\u00eb Lindjen e Mesme, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb negocimin e Marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb Sinait t\u00eb vitit 1975 midis Egjiptit dhe Izraelit, dhe pun\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7uar p\u00ebrpara procesin m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb t\u00eb paqes arabo-izraelite n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet q\u00eb u b\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb njohura si “diplomacia e vajtje ardhjeve\u201d.<\/p>\n

Pavar\u00ebsisht arritjeve t\u00eb tij n\u00eb mbar\u00eb globin, Henry Kissinger ishte nj\u00eb figur\u00eb e diskutueshme, me kritik\u00ebt q\u00eb pretendonin se ai lejoi bombardimet n\u00eb Kamboxhia, mb\u00ebshteti goditjen e Pakistanit ndaj Bangladeshit dhe b\u00ebri pak p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar fushat\u00ebn e Argjentin\u00ebs kund\u00ebr disident\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Vitet e hershme<\/strong><\/p>\n

I lindur si Heinz Kissinger n\u00eb Furth t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb, ai mb\u00ebrriti n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara n\u00eb vitin 1938 n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 15-vje\u00e7are pasi familja e tij iku nga p\u00ebrndjekjet naziste t\u00eb hebrenjve. Familja fliste anglisht n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi dhe Heinzi u b\u00eb i njohur si Henry, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb nj\u00eb qytetar i natyralizuar amerikan.<\/p>\n

Z.Kissinger u kthye n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore si pjes\u00ebtar i Ushtris\u00eb Amerikane n\u00eb Divizionin e 84-t\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00ebsoris\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\u201cUn\u00eb i kujtoj ato vite me shum\u00eb krenari\u201d, tha ai p\u00ebr Chicago Tribune kur ishte n\u00eb t\u00eb 80-at. \u201cLufta e Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore ishte nj\u00eb luft\u00eb pa asnj\u00eb paqart\u00ebsi morale\u201d.<\/p>\n

Pas luft\u00ebs, z. Kissinger u regjistrua n\u00eb Harvard n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb programit G.I. Bill, q\u00eb ofronte p\u00ebrfitime p\u00ebr t\u00eb kthyerit nga lufta, dhe aty m\u00eb pas doktoroi, duke iu bashkuar m\u00eb von\u00eb kuadrit m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Pik\u00ebpamja e tij p\u00ebr politik\u00ebn e jashtme pa dyshim u form\u00ebsua nga p\u00ebrvoja e arratisjes nga Gjermania naziste.<\/p>\n

Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb i njohur p\u00ebr qasjen e tij “realpolitike” t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb marrjen e vendimeve praktike diplomatike dhe jo n\u00eb ato q\u00eb i kan\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00ebt n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuad\u00ebr moral.<\/p>\n

Kur u pyet nga The New York Times n\u00eb vitin 1974 p\u00ebr ndjenj\u00ebn e pesimizmit dhe madje edhe t\u00eb tragjedis\u00eb n\u00eb shkrimet e tij politike, z. Kissinger u p\u00ebrgjigj: \u201cUn\u00eb e mendoj veten m\u00eb shum\u00eb si historian sesa si burr\u00eb shteti. Si historian, ju duhet t\u00eb jeni t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr faktin se \u00e7do qytet\u00ebrim q\u00eb ka ekzistuar ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb, n\u00eb fund \u00ebsht\u00eb shembur\u201d.<\/p>\n

“Historia \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rr\u00ebfim mbi p\u00ebrpjekjet q\u00eb d\u00ebshtuan, mbi aspiratat q\u00eb nuk u realizuan, mbi d\u00ebshirat q\u00eb u p\u00ebrmbush\u00ebn dhe m\u00eb pas dol\u00ebn t\u00eb ishin t\u00eb ndryshme nga ajo q\u00eb pritej”, tha ai.<\/p>\n

Roli n\u00eb Sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e Bardh\u00eb <\/strong><\/p>\n

Pasi sh\u00ebrbeu si konsulent n\u00eb agjencit\u00eb qeveritare t\u00eb SHBA gjat\u00eb administratave t\u00eb president\u00ebve Dwight D. Eisenhower, John Kennedy dhe Lyndon Johnson, z. Kissinger iu bashkua Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb s\u00eb Bardh\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1969 gjat\u00eb administrat\u00ebs s\u00eb presidentit Nixon. Ai sh\u00ebrbeu si k\u00ebshilltar p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare dhe m\u00eb pas sekretar i shtetit, pun\u00eb qe e vazhdoi n\u00ebn presidentin Gerald Ford.<\/p>\n

Ai kishte nj\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb me presidentin Richard Nixon dhe e vler\u00ebsoi bashk\u00ebpunimin si nj\u00eb arsye kryesore p\u00ebr sukseset e tyre n\u00eb politik\u00ebn e jashtme.<\/p>\n

Ai tha p\u00ebr Newsweek n\u00eb vitin 2009: \u201cE takoja presidentin \u00e7do dit\u00eb kur ishim t\u00eb dy n\u00eb qytet, sepse e ndjeja se ishte absolutisht thelb\u00ebsore q\u00eb ne t\u00eb mendonim n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn linj\u00eb. Un\u00eb isha me fat. Kam pasur marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb ngushta me dy president\u00ebt me t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kam sh\u00ebrbyer. N\u00eb fakt, n\u00ebse shikohet historia e sekretar\u00ebve t\u00eb shtetit, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e rrall\u00eb\u201d, tha ai.<\/p>\n

Z.Kissinger b\u00ebri dy udh\u00ebtime n\u00eb Kin\u00eb p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb shoq\u00ebronte presidentin Nixon n\u00eb vizit\u00ebn e tij q\u00eb sh\u00ebnoi kthes\u00eb n\u00eb Pekin n\u00eb 1972, p\u00ebr t’u takuar me kryetarin e Partis\u00eb Komuniste t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs, Mao Ce Dun. Gjat\u00eb vizit\u00ebs, Shtetet e Bashkuara dhe Kina zyrtarizuan marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet diplomatike pas nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrprerjeje prej 23 vitesh.<\/p>\n

Ish sekretari Kissinger dhe ish presidenti Nixon gjithashtu punuan ngusht\u00eb s\u00eb bashku p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbutur tensionet me Bashkimin Sovjetik, duke \u00e7uar n\u00eb Bisedimet p\u00ebr Kufizimin e Arm\u00ebve Strategjike (SALT) si dhe n\u00eb Traktatin Kund\u00ebr Raketave Balistike (ABM).<\/p>\n

Ish diplomati m\u00eb i lart\u00eb amerikan mori \u00e7mime t\u00eb shumta p\u00ebr arritjet e tij. S\u00eb bashku me \u00c7mimin Nobel p\u00ebr Paqen n\u00eb 1973, ai fitoi Medaljen Presidenciale t\u00eb Liris\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1977, nderimi m\u00eb i lart\u00eb civil n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara, dhe Medaljen e Liris\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1986, e cila iu dha 10 prej udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve m\u00eb me ndikim t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs me origjin\u00eb t\u00eb huaj.<\/p>\n

Kund\u00ebrth\u00ebniet<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pavar\u00ebsisht arritjeve t\u00eb tij, z. Kissinger ka nxitur shum\u00eb kritika, shumica e t\u00eb cilave u p\u00ebrqendruan n\u00eb veprimet e tij gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Vietnamit.<\/p>\n

Ai i mbajti sekret bombardimet e Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara n\u00eb Kamboxhia dhe Laos n\u00eb vitin 1969, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrshkall\u00ebzuan Luft\u00ebn e Vietnamit, duke mos e informuar Kongresin ose publikun amerikan p\u00ebr to.<\/p>\n

Atij gjithashtu iu dha pushtet nga presidenti Nixon p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar negociata t\u00eb fshehta me vietnamez\u00ebt e veriut. Nd\u00ebrsa z. Kissinger p\u00ebrfundimisht ndihmoi arritjen e Marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb Paqes t\u00eb Parisit si rezultat i negociatave, kritik\u00ebt e tij thon\u00eb se vitet e bisedimeve t\u00eb fshehta vet\u00ebm sa e zgjat\u00ebn luft\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Ish sekretari Kissinger \u00ebsht\u00eb kritikuar gjithashtu p\u00ebr rolin e tij n\u00eb konfliktet n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb luft\u00ebn civile t\u00eb Angol\u00ebs, e cila u shnd\u00ebrrua n\u00eb nj\u00eb fush\u00eb beteje t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb, dhe p\u00ebrfshirjen e SHBA-s\u00eb n\u00eb Kili, q\u00eb kulmoi me nj\u00eb grusht shteti n\u00eb vitin 1973.<\/p>\n

Ndon\u00ebse z. Kissinger q\u00ebndroi n\u00eb rolin e tij si sekretar i shtetit pasi presidenti Nixon dha dor\u00ebheqjen n\u00eb vitin 1974, ai nuk mbeti i paprekur nga skandali Watergate q\u00eb e rr\u00ebzoi presidentin Nixon. Skandali zbuloi se z. Kissinger kishte urdh\u00ebruar FBI-n\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjonte an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Siguris\u00eb Komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb se kush kishte nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb media lajmet p\u00ebr bombardimin e Kamboxhias nga Shtetet e Bashkuara.<\/p>\n

Periudha pas Sht\u00ebpis\u00eb s\u00eb Bardh\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pas largimit nga qeveria, z. Kissinger punoi si k\u00ebshilltar dhe pedagog nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, si dhe shkroi nj\u00eb duzin\u00eb librash. E fundit e tij, “Udh\u00ebheqja” (Leadership), u botua kur ai ishte 99 vje\u00e7.<\/p>\n

Ai vazhdoi t\u00eb fliste dhe t\u00eb shkruante p\u00ebr pun\u00ebt e jashtme, madje duke nxitur polemika n\u00eb maj t\u00eb vitit 2022, kur ai argumentoi n\u00eb Forumin Ekonomik Bot\u00ebror n\u00eb Davos t\u00eb Zvicr\u00ebs, se Ukraina duhet t\u00eb heq\u00eb dor\u00eb nga pjes\u00eb t\u00eb territorit p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb paqe me Rusin\u00eb. Ai tha se nj\u00eb humbje e turpshme p\u00ebr presidentin rus Vladimir Putin mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsoj\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Z.Kissingeri la pas vetes gruan e tij t\u00eb dyt\u00eb, Nancy, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn u martua n\u00eb vitin 1974. Ai pati dy f\u00ebmij\u00eb me gruan e tij t\u00eb par\u00eb, Ann Fleischer, dhe pes\u00eb nip\u00ebr e mbesa.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Henry Kissinger, i cili vdiq t\u00eb m\u00ebrkur\u00ebn n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 100-vje\u00e7are, personifikoi politik\u00ebn e jashtme t\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb gjat\u00eb administratave t\u00eb president\u00ebve Richard Nixon dhe Gerald Ford, duke sh\u00ebrbyer si sekretar i shtetit i t\u00eb dy president\u00ebve dhe duke fituar lavdi p\u00ebr sukseset diplomatike, por duke nxitur edhe polemika p\u00ebr pik\u00ebpamjet e tij politike p\u00ebr bot\u00ebn. Njoftimi …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":65135,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-bota"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=65134"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/65134\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/65135"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=65134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=65134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=65134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}