Ata nuk e dinin se n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb peripecish po fusnin veten, edhe pse kredia q\u00eb po firmosnin n\u00eb nj\u00eb bank\u00eb t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb shum\u00eb gati e pap\u00ebrfillshme, thjesht p\u00ebr nevoja t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb konsumit t\u00eb momentit.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, M.L dhe A. L, dy bashk\u00ebshort\u00eb me t\u00eb ardhura modeste, nuk kishin nga ta dinin se ajo kredi e vog\u00ebl prej 50 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb t\u00eb reja, nj\u00eb dit\u00eb do tu kthehej n\u00eb nj\u00eb barr\u00eb t\u00eb shum\u00ebfisht\u00eb, vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nj\u00eb neglizhence.<\/p>\n
Ata mendonin se e kishin shlyer n\u00eb vitin 2006, por nj\u00eb dit\u00eb, shum\u00eb vite m\u00eb pas, p\u00ebrmbaruesit u soll\u00ebn n\u00eb der\u00ebn e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbledhur detyrimet n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00eb kompanie kredimbledh\u00ebse t\u00eb k\u00ebqija.<\/p>\n
Kjo kompani kishte bler\u00eb borxhin e bashk\u00ebshort\u00ebve nga banka e nivelit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb. Ky ishte vet\u00ebm fillimi i kalvarit t\u00eb gjat\u00eb t\u00eb mundimeve me t\u00eb cilat \u00e7ifti i bashk\u00ebshort\u00ebve u p\u00ebrball\u00ebn.<\/p>\n
Pas mbledhjes s\u00eb borxhit, kompania \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019 nuk u q\u00ebndroi vet\u00ebm te kjo veprimtari, por i shtoi edhe nj\u00eb kamat\u00eb \u00e7iftit t\u00eb bashk\u00ebshort\u00ebve, e cila e r\u00ebndoi shlyerjen e kredis\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Vlera e kredis\u00eb u rrit nga 50 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb t\u00eb reja n\u00eb 212 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb t\u00eb reja. Jo vet\u00ebm kaq, por gjithashtu bllokoi t\u00eb gjitha llogarit\u00eb e tyre deri n\u00eb arritjen e nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjeje midis tyre dhe kompanis\u00eb q\u00eb mbledh kredit\u00eb e k\u00ebqija. Kjo marr\u00ebveshje ishte rr\u00ebnuese p\u00ebr buxhetin e bashk\u00ebshort\u00ebve.<\/p>\n
Vjoldi Danaj, Ekspert i Politikave Ekonomike: N\u00eb ndryshim nga Europa, ku kan\u00eb nj\u00eb kuad\u00ebr ligjor shum\u00eb t\u00eb specifikuar, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri ky kuad\u00ebr ligjor nuk ekziston dhe iu lejon hap\u00ebsira deri diku abuzive k\u00ebtyre institucioneve.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb Europ\u00eb p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb quhet cedimi i kreditit, pra shitja e kreditit tek nj\u00eb nga k\u00ebto institucione t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb t\u00eb autorizuara t\u00eb \u00e7ertifikuara dhe t\u00eb regjistruara n\u00eb regjist\u00ebr t\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebm. Dhe n\u00eb momentin q\u00eb kalohet te cedimi i kreditit, kredidh\u00ebn\u00ebsi fillestar komunikon me debitorin q\u00eb detyrimi i tij do i kaloj\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebrie tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n
Rasti i m\u00ebsip\u00ebrm nuk ishte i ve\u00e7uar p\u00ebr dy bashk\u00ebshort\u00ebt q\u00eb u p\u00ebrfshin\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb skem\u00eb. Ata u detyruan t\u00eb luanin jo vet\u00ebm me kredin\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr, por edhe t\u00eb mor\u00ebn nj\u00eb kredi tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb paguhej me k\u00ebste, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shlyer borxhin e rritur, i cili ishte kat\u00ebrfish m\u00eb i lart\u00eb se ai i filluar.<\/p>\n
Kjo ndodhi p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjeje q\u00eb futi n\u00eb kurth edhe shum\u00eb kreditor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm. Shpejt, p\u00ebrmes k\u00ebsaj skeme, ata u p\u00ebrball\u00ebn me bllokimin e llogarive deri te sekuestrimi i pronave t\u00eb patundshme. Kjo ndodhi p\u00ebr shuma q\u00eb, n\u00eb fakt, ishin m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla dhe gati modeste n\u00eb krahasim me pasurit\u00eb e patundshme q\u00eb po u bllokoheshin.<\/p>\n
Vjoldi Danaj, Ekspert i Politikave Ekonomike: Zakonisht shitblerja e borxhit ndodh duke pasur nj\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje, skonto ose zbritje. Pra n\u00ebse kemi shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb \u2018X\u2019 q\u00eb ka p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb kredit\u00eb nga nj\u00eb debitor i cili mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb 10 lek\u00eb, ia shet k\u00ebt\u00eb detyrim k\u00ebtyre institucioneve duke b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb zbritje q\u00eb nga 10 lek\u00eb ajo mund ta shesi 8 lek\u00eb dhe 2 lek\u00eb i ka fitim institucioni q\u00eb blen borxhin. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast institucioni q\u00eb blen borxhin hyn n\u00eb diskutime me debitorin dhe arrin t\u00eb marr\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 90 % t\u00eb vler\u00ebs ose 9 lek\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast. Pra nuk merr dot 100 %, por merr deri n\u00eb vler\u00ebn 90 %.<\/p>\n
Megjith\u00ebse rasti i dy bashk\u00ebshort\u00ebve q\u00eb ishin marr\u00eb peng nga kompania \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019 nuk ishte i vetmi, ai tregonte vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb historis\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb. Kompani t\u00eb ngjashme ishin shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb tashm\u00eb n\u00eb treg dhe vepronin me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn metodologji. Pas blerjes s\u00eb kredive t\u00eb k\u00ebqija nga bankat e nivelit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb, ato hidheshin n\u00eb sulm duke rob\u00ebruar klient\u00ebt p\u00ebrmes k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit me p\u00ebrmbarim.<\/p>\n
Vjoldi Danaj: K\u00ebto institucione n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb abuzive i detyrojn\u00eb klient\u00ebt, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e tyre nuk e din\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb firmosin, q\u00eb t\u00eb firmosin disa letra p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb kredi t\u00eb dyt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shlyer kredin\u00eb e par\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Po interesat q\u00eb kan\u00eb k\u00ebto institucione jan\u00eb shum\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb larta se interesat q\u00eb ky kredimarr\u00ebs mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasur me nj\u00eb bank\u00eb t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast.<\/p>\n
Shum\u00eb prej atyre quajtur debitor\u00eb nuk kuptuan asgj\u00eb deri n\u00eb momentin kur u p\u00ebrball\u00ebn me bllokimin e llogarive t\u00eb tyre bankare, ose edhe kur pronat e tyre kalonin n\u00ebn kontrollin e vendimeve t\u00eb gjykatave dhe kompanive t\u00eb d\u00ebrguara p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbledhur kredit\u00eb e k\u00ebqija.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebta debitor\u00eb nuk ishin thirrur as p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb pranish\u00ebm gjat\u00eb seancave gjyq\u00ebsore, ku pronat ose llogarit\u00eb e tyre bankare bllokoheshin.<\/p>\n
Vjoldi Danaj: K\u00ebta abuzojn\u00eb dhe me privat\u00ebsin\u00eb e individit, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb p\u00ebrtej telefonatave t\u00eb panum\u00ebrta me orar pa orar, dit\u00eb pushimi dit\u00eb feste q\u00eb nuk njohin, kalojn\u00eb pastaj dhe tek komunikimet me familjar\u00ebt e tyre. Pra k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shkelje e t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb rezervimit t\u00eb individit.<\/p>\n
Sot, e v\u00ebrteta \u00ebsht\u00eb se \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019 nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e vetmja kompani q\u00eb ka bler\u00eb kredit\u00eb e k\u00ebqija dhe, p\u00ebrmes k\u00ebsaj skeme, po grabit kreditor\u00ebt e pamundur, duke i zhytur ata gjithmon\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb pamund\u00ebsi t\u00eb reja.<\/p>\n
Ajo q\u00eb dikur konsiderohej si e drejt\u00eb e bankave t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbledhur kredit\u00eb e k\u00ebqija, sot duket se \u00ebsht\u00eb kthyer n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb moderne skllav\u00ebrie. K\u00ebta kreditor\u00eb, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb mbroheshin, jan\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb pre e nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr rob\u00ebrie, q\u00eb duket edhe m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Eduart Gjokutaj, Ekspert i Ekonomis\u00eb: Si \u00e7do lloj institucioni i cili duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb zbatim t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm, t\u00eb jet\u00eb konsenkuent n\u00eb ndjekjen e rregullave dhe k\u00ebtu nuk duhet ta lejoj\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb quhet teprimi , kalimi i kufirit dhe ruajtja e nj\u00eb sensi mase dhe balancash midis institucionit t\u00eb mikrokredive dhe bankave p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos kaluar n\u00eb nj\u00eb mbivler\u00ebsim t\u00eb nj\u00eb dege nga nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n
Sipas ekspert\u00ebve, kjo skem\u00eb nisi t\u00eb aplikohet kryesisht pas vitit 2014, periudh\u00eb kur ekonomia globale hyri n\u00eb nj\u00eb stanjacion ekonomik dhe kriza e likujditetit u b\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb e m\u00eb pranishme, duke prekur bizneset dhe kredit\u00eb individuale.<\/p>\n
Kjo kriz\u00eb u shfryt\u00ebzua me sukses edhe n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, ku filluan t\u00eb lindnin dhjet\u00ebra kompani. K\u00ebto kompani, pasi blinin kredit\u00eb e k\u00ebqija nga bankat e nivelit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb, filluan ti mbledhnin ato duke shkelur r\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e k\u00ebtyre kreditor\u00ebve. Situata arriti deri aty sa atyre u vendosej gjoba, duke shkuar n\u00eb mas\u00ebn e 30 p\u00ebr qind.<\/p>\n
Vjoldi Danaj, Ekspert i Politikave Ekonomike: Shpeshher\u00eb k\u00ebto institucione financiare d\u00ebrgojn\u00eb komunikime n\u00eb adresa fallco ose n\u00eb adresa q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb kredimarr\u00ebsit. Kjo b\u00ebhet me tendenc\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb zgjatet sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb koha e detyrimit dhe t\u00eb paguaj\u00eb komisione. Dhe shkon vlera e komisionit m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se principali.<\/p>\n
Kur kjo nuk mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb sepse n\u00ebse merret 50 000 lek\u00eb kredi ose borxh, principali mund t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb deri n\u00eb 200, 300 apo 400 000 lek\u00eb n\u00eb total, dhe kjo nuk ka sens dhe logjik\u00eb. Dhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb tendencioze nga k\u00ebto lloj institucionesh.<\/p>\n
Ky operacion duhej t\u00eb kishte mblidhur kredit\u00eb e k\u00ebqija nga kreditor\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj, por n\u00eb fakt p\u00ebrfundoi si nj\u00eb aksion p\u00ebr t\u00eb grabitur t\u00eb pamundurit, sidomos kreditor\u00ebt e vegj\u00ebl. Nism\u00ebtari i k\u00ebtij operacioni ishte ish-zv.<\/p>\n
kryeministri i koh\u00ebs, Arben Ahmetaj. Ai e pa si zgjidhje p\u00ebr problemet e borxhit q\u00eb kreditor\u00ebt kishin ndaj bankave, shitjen e k\u00ebtyre kredive t\u00eb cilat u konsideruan t\u00eb k\u00ebqija te institucione t\u00eb licensuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbledhur k\u00ebto borxhe.<\/p>\n
Pas aprovimit t\u00eb k\u00ebtij megaoperacioni p\u00ebr pastrimin e kredive t\u00eb k\u00ebqija, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, brenda nj\u00eb periudhe t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr, u shfaq\u00ebn dhjetra institucione tagrambledh\u00ebse.<\/p>\n
Selami Xhepa, Ekonomist: Normalisht Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb autoriteti mbikqyr\u00ebs si p\u00ebr bankat ashtu dhe p\u00ebr institucionet financiare jo banka ku p\u00ebrfshihen institucionet e mikrokredis\u00eb, nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht edhe shoqatat e kursim kreditit.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri dihet q\u00eb operojn\u00eb gati 40 t\u00eb tilla deri tani dhe q\u00eb kan\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi nj\u00eb volum aktiviteti q\u00eb mund t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb deri n\u00eb 1 miliard\u00eb Euro. \u00c7ka do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb nga nj\u00eb vit n\u00eb tjetrin pesha e tyre ka ardhur n\u00eb rritje.<\/p>\n
Kjo skem\u00eb u zbulua edhe nga Ministria e Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb, pasi u konfrontua me ankesa t\u00eb shumta nga kreditor\u00ebt. Ata jo vet\u00ebm u p\u00ebrball\u00ebn me k\u00ebt\u00eb fakt, por edhe k\u00ebto institucione bankare, n\u00eb bashk\u00ebrendim me disa shoq\u00ebri p\u00ebrmbaruese, vendos\u00ebn nj\u00eb penalitet prej 30 p\u00ebrqind\u00ebsh mbi vler\u00ebn e detyrimit, duke e bashkuar edhe interesin.<\/p>\n
Ky veprim nuk p\u00ebrputhej me principet sanksionuese t\u00eb rregullorjes s\u00eb Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb lloj rasti. N\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb d\u00ebshp\u00ebruese, ku pronat apo llogarit\u00eb e tyre ishin t\u00eb bllokuara, debitor\u00ebt ishin t\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb paraqiteshin pran\u00eb shoq\u00ebrive p\u00ebrmbaruese, t\u00eb cilat ishin lidhur ose krijuar nga k\u00ebto institucione bankare.<\/p>\n
Kjo ishte e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019, e cila kishte kontraktuar zyra p\u00ebrmbarimi, por n\u00eb fakt ishin vet\u00eb kjo kompani. K\u00ebta debitor\u00eb k\u00ebshilloheshin nga p\u00ebrmbaruesit t\u00eb lidhur me k\u00ebt\u00eb kompani q\u00eb, me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb shlyerjes s\u00eb borxhit, t\u00eb lidhnin nj\u00eb aktmarr\u00ebveshje me \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe penalitetet e vendosura.<\/p>\n
Vjoldi Danaj, Ekspert i Politikave Ekonomike: P\u00ebrmbaruesit sot kan\u00eb dal\u00eb nga shinat, n\u00ebse mund ta themi n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn popullore, dhe tashm\u00eb po i tejkalojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha kompetencat e tyre duke shkat\u00ebrruar bizneset por qoft\u00eb dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e tyre individ\u00ebt.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb t\u00eb tre institucionet q\u00eb thash\u00eb pak m\u00eb lart duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb ato q\u00eb duhet t\u2019i monitorojn\u00eb t\u00eb dy k\u00ebto institucione t\u00eb tjera. Kjo skem\u00eb e cila u zbulua edhe fal\u00eb nj\u00eb hetimi t\u00eb nisur, tregoi se zyrat e p\u00ebrmbarimit \u2018Sh\u00ebrbimi P\u00ebrmbarimor Zig\u2019, \u2018Star\u2019 dhe \u2018Flash\u2019, nuk ishin askush tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrve\u00e7se \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019.<\/p>\n
Nd\u00ebrsa borxhlinjt\u00eb merreshin p\u00ebr dore nga zyra e p\u00ebrmbarimit dhe \u00e7oheshin pik\u00ebrisht te \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019, aty ku do t\u00eb duhet t\u00eb firmosnin marr\u00ebveshjen e vendosur n\u00eb tavolin\u00eb pavar\u00ebsisht se sa r\u00ebnduese ishte ajo p\u00ebr ata.<\/p>\n
Vjoldi Danaj, Ekspert i Politikave Ekonomike: Ka raste q\u00eb un\u00eb kam d\u00ebgjuar q\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vler\u00eb 100 000 lek\u00eb i \u00ebsht\u00eb sekuestruar sht\u00ebpia, makina. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb totalisht n\u00eb shkelje. Vlera duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb proporcion me vler\u00ebn e kredimarr\u00ebsit. N\u00eb momentin q\u00eb tejkalohet kjo vler\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrmbaruesi \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb abuzim.<\/p>\n
Pra kemi dy abuzues n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast. Kemi institucionin financiar dhe p\u00ebrmbaruesin. Vet\u00eb p\u00ebrmbarues\u00ebt bashk\u00eb me institucionet financiare jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb problem shum\u00eb i madh p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb, jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr sip\u00ebrmarrjet por po d\u00ebmtojn\u00eb dhe vet\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e privatit.<\/p>\n
Sipas hetimeve, debitor\u00ebt nuk shihnin parat\u00eb me sy, pasi ato transferoheshin menj\u00ebher\u00eb duke thyer nj\u00eb \u00e7ek n\u00eb llogarin\u00eb e \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019. Ministria e Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb, duke hulumtuar pas ankesave t\u00eb shumta nga debitor\u00ebt tashm\u00eb t\u00eb skllav\u00ebruar, zbuloi se ata ishin detyruar t\u00eb lidhnin deri n\u00eb 3 her\u00eb kontrata t\u00eb reja kredie, t\u00eb cilat kishin vler\u00eb deri n\u00eb 2, 3 apo 4 her\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb se detyrimi fillestar.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebshtu, ata u kthyen n\u00eb viktima, pa e ditur se ishin pre e k\u00ebsaj skeme mashtrimi, nd\u00ebrsa Ministria e Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb identifikoi raste t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj natyre gjat\u00eb hetimit.<\/p>\n
Edhe pse Ministria e Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb hoqi licenc\u00ebn e 7 p\u00ebrmbaruesve privat\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur me \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019, kjo nuk arriti t\u00eb frenonte skem\u00ebn, por p\u00ebrkundrazi, ajo p\u00ebrshkall\u00ebzohet edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb. Pavar\u00ebsisht k\u00ebsaj hapi, fenomeni shqet\u00ebsues i rritjes n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb kreditor\u00ebve q\u00eb po skllav\u00ebroheshin nuk u ndal.<\/p>\n
Ministria e Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb kishte kall\u00ebzuar 7 p\u00ebrmbaruesit n\u00eb Prokurori, megjithat\u00eb organi i akuz\u00ebs kishte dyshime t\u00eb veta se ishin dhjet\u00ebra familje q\u00eb ishin r\u00ebn\u00eb pre e skem\u00ebs s\u00eb grabitjes s\u00eb ngritur nga \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019. K\u00ebto familje, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shlyer borxhet e vjetra, u detyruan t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruan kontrata p\u00ebr kredi t\u00eb reja.<\/p>\n
Selami Xhepa, Ekonomist: N\u00eb raportet periodike t\u00eb Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb pozuara her\u00eb pas here problematika q\u00eb manifestohen n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb kryesisht me transparenc\u00ebn, me m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e funksionimit t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb brenshme, kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me asimetrin\u00eb ose si t\u00eb themi me nj\u00eb lloj politike jo shum\u00eb t\u00eb hapur ndaj kredimarr\u00ebsve.<\/p>\n
Fjala vjen m\u00ebnyra e ndryshimit t\u00eb termave t\u00eb kredis\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebanshme, kushtet e transparenc\u00ebs n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si llogaritet interesi etj etj.<\/p>\n
Kompania \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019 nuk ishte e vetmja q\u00eb u p\u00ebrfshi n\u00eb nj\u00eb hetim t\u00eb gjer\u00eb nga Ministria e Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe m\u00eb pas nga organi i akuz\u00ebs. Lul\u00ebzimi i tyre fillon n\u00eb vitin 2016, periudh\u00eb kur Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nisi licencimin e tyre dhe lindjen e kompanive t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb mbledhjes s\u00eb borxheve, t\u00eb cilat u em\u00ebrtuan \u2018Tranzit\u2019, \u2018Final\u2019, pastaj \u2018Kredo Financ\u00eb\u2019, \u2018Lute Credit\u2019, \u2018Micro Credit Risk\u2019, dhe t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebto kompani, duke par\u00eb suksesin e tyre, nuk u mjaftuan vet\u00ebm me mbledhjen e kredive t\u00eb k\u00ebqija nga bankat e nivelit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb, por shtrin\u00eb aktivitetin e tyre edhe n\u00eb fusha t\u00eb tjera, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb kompanit\u00eb celulare dhe stoqet e detyrimeve t\u00eb papaguara.<\/p>\n
Shum\u00eb qytetar\u00eb u p\u00ebrball\u00ebn me telefonata t\u00eb shumta nga k\u00ebto kompani t\u00eb mbledhjes s\u00eb borxheve, ku u k\u00ebrkohej t\u00eb paguanin detyrimet e prapambetura q\u00eb kishin ndaj tyre.<\/p>\n
Vjoldi Danaj, Ekspert i Politikave Ekonomike: Mjafton t\u00eb marim normativ\u00ebn europiane dhe ta p\u00ebrdorim k\u00ebtu. Normativa europiane i ka zgjidhur shum\u00eb mir\u00eb k\u00ebto lloj situatash dhe nuk ka l\u00ebn\u00eb hap\u00ebsira p\u00ebr abuzime si\u00e7 ndodh fatkeq\u00ebsisht n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb k\u00ebto kompani borxhmbledh\u00ebse nuk mund t\u00eb funksionin n\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb kuadri rregullues legjislativ.<\/p>\n
Eduart Gjokutaj, Ekspert i Ekonomis\u00eb: Natyrsh\u00ebm ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb risk i madh p\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb ekzistojn\u00eb fenomene t\u00eb tilla q\u00eb vijn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur nga mungesa e kontrollit dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre nga k\u00ebto kushtet e leht\u00ebsuara t\u00eb cilat ulin vigjilenc\u00ebn qoft\u00eb t\u00eb menaxhimit t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm q\u00eb e menaxhon apo kontrollon sa duhet pun\u00ebn e tij, qoft\u00eb dhe Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, e cila n\u00eb vetvete nuk e ka fokusin kryesor mbikqyrjen e tyre pasi m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti ka sistemin bankar.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr t\u00eb adresuar k\u00ebt\u00eb situat\u00eb, Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ndryshoi rregulloren e licensimit t\u00eb institucioneve t\u00eb mikrokredis\u00eb. Dy pikat e shtuara ishin \u2018blerja e kredis\u00eb\u2019 si nj\u00eb nga format e kredidh\u00ebnies dhe subjekti financiar jo-bank\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb blinte \u2018kredi me probleme\u2019, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ato q\u00eb kishin 100 p\u00ebr qind t\u00eb portofolit t\u00eb kredis\u00eb t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga kredi t\u00eb tilla t\u00eb blera nga bankat.<\/p>\n
Kjo hap\u00ebsir\u00eb e krijuar n\u00eb legjislacion i mund\u00ebsoi k\u00ebtyre kompanive t\u00eb abuzonin ndjesh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb intensifikonin sulmet e tyre ndaj individ\u00ebve apo familjeve, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb varfra.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebto shkelje t\u00eb r\u00ebnda u konstatuan gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb hetimi t\u00eb nisur n\u00eb vitin 2019 nga Ministria e Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb. Ata d\u00ebrguan nj\u00eb dosje voluminoze me mij\u00ebra faqe n\u00eb Prokurorin\u00eb e P\u00ebrgjithshme, ku ekspozoheshin m\u00ebnyrat se si k\u00ebto institucione mikrofinanciare e kishin kthyer mbledhjen e k\u00ebtyre kredive t\u00eb ashtuquajtura t\u00eb k\u00ebqija n\u00eb nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi dhe minier\u00eb ari p\u00ebr t\u00eb grabitur qindra qytetar\u00eb. K\u00ebto histori njer\u00ebzore nuk tregonin asgj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrve\u00e7 d\u00ebshp\u00ebrimin dhe varf\u00ebrin\u00eb ku kishin p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ata.<\/p>\n
Vjoldi Danaj, Ekspert i Politikave Ekonomike: K\u00ebtu jan\u00eb gjykatat p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyjn\u00eb dhe t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb me forc\u00eb modifikimin e ligjit ose pse jo dhe d\u00ebnimin n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre institucioneve.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebto jan\u00eb institucione q\u00eb nuk b\u00ebjn\u00eb gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se shkat\u00ebrrojn\u00eb ekonomit\u00eb individuale, shkat\u00ebrron n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi dhe ekonomin\u00eb\u2026Pra ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb uljen e konsumit n\u00eb uljen e vet\u00eb kredive. Kjo gj\u00eb u mendua n\u00eb fillim q\u00eb do ndikonte n\u00eb uljen e kredive t\u00eb k\u00ebqija, por kjo vet\u00ebm sa ka shtuar kredit\u00eb e k\u00ebqija, sepse merret kredi p\u00ebr t\u00eb shlyer kredi.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb skem\u00eb grabitqare, tragjikja e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb ka qen\u00eb humbja e banesave p\u00ebr shum\u00eb kreditor\u00eb. Kjo ndodhi si rezultat i mashtrimit financiar q\u00eb doli jasht\u00eb kontrollit ose u lejua t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb me vet\u00ebdije nga shteti.<\/p>\n
Gjat\u00eb vitit 2023, k\u00ebto institucione, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019 dhe \u2018Final\u2019, p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsuan jo vet\u00ebm shum\u00ebn e parave nga kreditor\u00ebt, por finalizuan skem\u00ebn duke rr\u00ebmbyer edhe pronat e tyre.<\/p>\n
K\u00ebto kompani jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb mor\u00ebn pronat nga debitor\u00ebt, por edhe i shit\u00ebn ato n\u00eb ankand, duke bashk\u00ebpunuar me zyrat e p\u00ebrmbarimit, t\u00eb cilat organizonin shitjen e pronave t\u00eb debitor\u00ebve.<\/p>\n
Vjoldi Danaj, Ekspert i Politikave Ekonomike: Shpeshher\u00eb p\u00ebrmbaruesit bien n\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje me individ\u00eb q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb bler\u00eb k\u00ebto lloj asetesh. Dhe automatikisht pa respektuar shpesh her\u00eb dhe procedurat ligjore, e vendos n\u00eb sekuestro preventive dhe koh\u00ebn, afatin q\u00eb l\u00eb p\u00ebr shlyerjen e detyrimeve \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e shkurt\u00ebr q\u00eb dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast nuk respektohen termat ligjor\u00eb, arrin q\u00eb ta nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb shitje, normalisht \u00e7mimi q\u00eb del n\u00eb fillim \u00ebsht\u00eb sa detyrimi fillestar q\u00eb ka kredimarr\u00ebsi pastaj arrin q\u00eb n\u00ebse p\u00ebr nj\u00eb far\u00eb periudhe ajo nuk shitet, arrin detyrimi, vlera t\u00eb ulet.<\/p>\n
Kjo skem\u00eb grabitqare duket se ka funksionuar edhe n\u00eb rastin e kredive konsumatore t\u00eb blera nga k\u00ebto institucione. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb situat\u00eb, pasurit\u00eb e kreditor\u00ebve ishin shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha se shuma e parave q\u00eb ata kishin marr\u00eb fillimisht, dhe ato u nxirreshin n\u00eb shitje.<\/p>\n
Tre ankande organizoheshin nga p\u00ebrmbaruesit, duke ulur ndjesh\u00ebm \u00e7mimin e pronave. N\u00eb rastin kur nuk kishte ofertues, n\u00eb ankandin e tret\u00eb, pronat i propozoheshin vet\u00eb kreditorit me \u00e7mimin q\u00eb do t\u00eb dilte n\u00eb ankandin e tret\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se kreditori, i cili kishte humbur pron\u00ebn p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kredis\u00eb s\u00eb keqe q\u00eb kishte akumuluar, futej n\u00eb ankand p\u00ebr t\u00eb bler\u00eb pron\u00ebn e tij me \u00e7mimin q\u00eb i vendoste n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast p\u00ebrmbaruesi, pron\u00ebs s\u00eb tij.<\/p>\n
Vjoldi Danaj, Ekspert i Politikave Ekonomike: Gjykatat pik\u00ebrisht duhet t\u00eb ndezin alarmin, n\u00eb momentin q\u00eb nj\u00eb pron\u00eb ose nj\u00eb pasuri e paluajtshme apo e luajtshme shitet n\u00ebn vler\u00ebn reale t\u00eb tregut at\u00ebher\u00eb duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhen pik\u00ebrisht hetime, por hetimet duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb 360 grad\u00eb, jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast por dhe n\u00eb momentin q\u00eb fillojn\u00eb hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb mes p\u00ebr blerjen e borxhit t\u00eb keq institucionet financiare ose dhe vet\u00eb p\u00ebrmbaruesit. K\u00ebtu skema \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlikuar \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e koklavitur dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb deri diku e korruptuar mendoj un\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Zbulimet e Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb evidentuan se mij\u00ebra prona ishin shitur n\u00eb ankand, ku nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbarues, i njohur si Rigels Bejko dhe i lidhur me \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019, kishte organizuar disa muaj brenda vitit 2023 rreth 1300 ankande p\u00ebr k\u00ebto prona.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, u zbulua se k\u00ebto ankande ishin thjesht fiktive, dhe Dhoma e P\u00ebrmbarimit i cil\u00ebsoi ato si mashtrim. P\u00ebrfituesi kryesor i k\u00ebsaj skeme ishte \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019. Edhe pse pronat, si apartamentet n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb dhe Durr\u00ebs, dilnin n\u00eb ankand me shuma t\u00eb vogla, si 2 apo 3 milion\u00eb lek\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr apartament, ose 200 apo 300 mij\u00eb lek\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr ullishte, t\u00eb gjitha ankandet p\u00ebrfundonin pa ofertues. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se ankandet ishin organizuar thjesht p\u00ebr formalitet, nd\u00ebrsa pronat regjistroheshin n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019 n\u00eb Kadast\u00ebr.<\/p>\n
Vjoldi Danaj, Ekspert i Politikave Ekonomike: Ministria e Financave duhet t\u00eb vendos\u00eb dispozita ligjore specifike p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontrolluar k\u00ebt\u00eb lloj aktiviteti. Dhe pastaj Ministria e Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet legjislacionit.<\/p>\n
\\Pra duhet t\u00eb tre k\u00ebto institucione t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb koordinim me nj\u00ebra tjetr\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb rregullojn\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm institucionet financiare por q\u00eb t\u00eb rishikohet dhe figura e p\u00ebrmbaruesit.<\/p>\n
Dhoma e P\u00ebrmbaruesve ka kall\u00ebzuar k\u00ebt\u00eb grup t\u00eb strukturuar kriminal, i cili zhvillonte ankande dhe p\u00ebrmbarim fiktiv, n\u00eb SPAK n\u00eb fund t\u00eb muajit n\u00ebntor t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb kaluar. Megjithat\u00eb, \u00e7\u00ebshtjet kan\u00eb mbetur n\u00eb vendnum\u00ebro dhe p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsia ligjore p\u00ebr k\u00ebto institucione grabit\u00ebse ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebshmuar.<\/p>\n
Edhe pse Ministria e Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb kishte dor\u00ebzuar nj\u00eb dosje n\u00eb Prokurorin\u00eb e P\u00ebrgjithshme n\u00eb vitin 2020, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb akuza p\u00ebr mashtrim me pasoja t\u00eb r\u00ebnda p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt.<\/p>\n
Kjo list\u00eb e pritjes p\u00ebrfshin p\u00ebrmbarues dhe drejtues t\u00eb institucioneve financiare t\u00eb mikrokredive, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt vazhdojn\u00eb aktivitetin e tyre pa u ndalur, duke drejtuar nga jasht\u00eb vendit ku ndodhen.<\/p>\n
Selami Xhepa: Kredit\u00eb me shuma t\u00eb vogla kan\u00eb nj\u00eb kosto administrative shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb sesa kredit\u00eb q\u00eb jan\u00eb me volume t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb ligj\u00ebsi e natyr\u00ebs s\u00eb sistemit q\u00eb karakterizohet nga norma t\u00eb larta.<\/p>\n
Por kur k\u00ebto shnd\u00ebrrohen n\u00eb abuzuese sepse normat duhet t\u00eb ken\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb logjik\u00eb nga e cila ato nd\u00ebrtohen q\u00eb n\u00ebnkupton j\u00eb llogaritje t\u00eb sakt\u00eb t\u00eb kostove administrimit t\u00eb kredis\u00eb. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb logjik\u00eb q\u00eb ta mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb dhe ta siguroj\u00eb norm\u00ebn e interesit q\u00eb aplikohet.<\/p>\n
Por a mund t\u00eb zhvillohet ky aktivitet mashtrues pa ndihm\u00ebn e Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb? Dhe pse kjo Bank\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm nuk vepron, po mban nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim mosp\u00ebrfill\u00ebs, kur n\u00eb mes \u00ebsht\u00eb qytetari?<\/p>\n
Selami Xhepa, Ekonomist: N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast klienti nuk mund t\u2019i drejtohet sistemit t\u00eb drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb sepse thjesht d\u00ebrgimi i \u00e7\u00ebshtjes n\u00eb sistemin e drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb e b\u00ebn problemin t\u00eb pazgjidh\u00ebsm dhe p\u00ebr pasoj\u00eb klient\u00ebt ngelen pa nj\u00eb dritare ku t\u00eb ken\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ankohen dhe t\u00eb marrin nj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb, pra nj\u00eb mbrojtje m\u00eb e mire. E drejta e qytetar\u00ebve n\u00eb mendimin tim duhet t\u00eb realizohet nga Banka Qendrore dhe legjislacioni p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Pavar\u00ebsisht se n\u00eb vitin 2022, kompanis\u00eb \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019 iu pezullua licensa p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos bler\u00eb kredi nga bankat e nivelit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb, ajo vazhdoi aktivitetin e saj duke mbledhur dhe shitur borxhe.<\/p>\n
Gjat\u00eb vitit 2023, megjith\u00ebse institucioni rregullator, Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, nuk vendosi asnj\u00eb pezullim, \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019 vazhdoi praktikat e tilla, duke shesur n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet ankandeve fiktive prona me vlera t\u00eb ul\u00ebta.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb shtator 2022, Departamenti i Mbik\u00ebqyrjes kryeu nj\u00eb ekzaminim t\u00eb pjessh\u00ebm pran\u00eb \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019, duke v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dukje se rekomandimet e l\u00ebna nga ekzaminimi i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm n\u00eb korrik 2020 ishin realizuar vet\u00ebm pjes\u00ebrisht.<\/p>\n
Inspektimi tregoi shkelje serioze, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb mosklasifikimin e kredive n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me rregulloren dhe mosreflektimin e kufizimeve t\u00eb penaliteteve n\u00eb kontratat e kredive. Megjithat\u00eb, edhe pas penalizimit dhe heqjes s\u00eb licens\u00ebs nga Banka e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, \u2018Micro Credit Albania\u2019 vazhdoi veprimtarin\u00eb e saj dhe vazhdoi t\u00eb mbledh\u00eb dhe t\u00eb jap\u00eb borxhe.<\/p>\n
Bilanci vjetor p\u00ebr vitin 2022 tregoi nj\u00eb fitim neto prej 1.5 milion\u00eb euro dhe t\u00eb ardhura t\u00eb tjera nga penalitetet dhe interesat n\u00eb vler\u00ebn e 3 milion eurove, pa llogaritur vler\u00ebn e pronave t\u00eb fituara n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet ankandeve fiktive.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ata nuk e dinin se n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb peripecish po fusnin veten, edhe pse kredia q\u00eb po firmosnin n\u00eb nj\u00eb bank\u00eb t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb shum\u00eb gati e pap\u00ebrfillshme, thjesht p\u00ebr nevoja t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb konsumit t\u00eb momentit. Megjithat\u00eb, M.L dhe A. L, dy bashk\u00ebshort\u00eb me t\u00eb ardhura modeste, nuk kishin nga ta dinin …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":70187,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-70186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-ekonomi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70186","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70186"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70186\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/70187"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70186"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70186"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70186"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}