{"id":75247,"date":"2024-04-01T11:14:23","date_gmt":"2024-04-01T11:14:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=75247"},"modified":"2024-04-01T11:14:23","modified_gmt":"2024-04-01T11:14:23","slug":"shqiperia-15-vite-ne-nato-sfidat-e-sigurise-ne-ballkan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/2024\/04\/01\/shqiperia-15-vite-ne-nato-sfidat-e-sigurise-ne-ballkan\/","title":{"rendered":"Shqip\u00ebria 15 vite n\u00eb NATO \u2013 Sfidat e siguris\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan"},"content":{"rendered":"

Klea DU\u00c7KA<\/strong>
\nDaniel NIKOLLA<\/strong>
\nLaboratori i Ideve \u2013 Departamenti Brain Gain PD<\/em>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb viteve \u201980, Shqip\u00ebria ishte vendi m\u00eb i izoluar i Evrop\u00ebs dhe pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb Murit t\u00eb Berlinit, streh\u00eb e rr\u00ebnoj\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit t\u00eb komunizmit e diktatur\u00ebs staliniste n\u00eb kontinent. Deri n\u00eb vitin 1990, aleanca e fundit ushtarake, pjes\u00eb e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs kishte qen\u00eb vendi yn\u00eb, ishte Traktati i Varshav\u00ebs, an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e t\u00eb cilit p\u00ebrb\u00ebheshin nga t\u00eb gjitha vendet e bllokut komunist t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Lindore (me p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb Jugosllavis\u00eb) dhe q\u00eb udh\u00ebhiqej nga Bashkimi Sovjetik. Shqip\u00ebria ishte an\u00ebtar\u00ebsuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aleance n\u00eb vitin 1955, p\u00ebr t\u2019u shk\u00ebputur me pas p\u00ebrfundimisht n\u00eb vitin 1968, pas nd\u00ebrprerjes s\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve diplomatike me k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb fundit.<\/p>\n

E Djathta si katalist i afrimit me per\u00ebndimin<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pas p\u00ebrmbysjes s\u00eb regjimit komunist, Partia Demokratike e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, forca e par\u00eb opozitare n\u00eb vend, e krijuar nga studente dhe intelektuale n\u00eb dhjetor 1990, e q\u00eb doli fitimtare n\u00eb zgjedhjet e para pluraliste n\u00eb mars 1992, kishte t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar qart\u00eb dhe si prioritet kryesor n\u00eb programin e saj, an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Aleanc\u00ebn e Atlantikut t\u00eb Veriut, NATO, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushjes s\u00eb aspiratave historike t\u00eb vendit drejt integrimit n\u00eb familjen euroatlantike. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin vit, Shqip\u00ebria iu bashkua K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Bashk\u00ebpunimit t\u00eb Atlantikut t\u00eb Veriut, organiz\u00ebm i krijuar nga NATO me q\u00ebllim rind\u00ebrtimin e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve me vendet e dala nga Traktati i Varshav\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Dy vite m\u00eb von\u00eb, m\u00eb 23 shkurt 1994, Presidenti i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb asokohe, Prof.Dr.Sali Berisha, n\u00ebnshkroi Marr\u00ebveshjen e Partneritetit p\u00ebr Paqe mes NATO-s dhe vendeve t\u00eb ish-bllokut komunist dhe paraqiti po n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn dit\u00eb, k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn zyrtare t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019iu
\nbashkuar Aleanc\u00ebs. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb 1999, Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb iu d\u00ebrgua Plani i Veprimit p\u00ebr An\u00ebtar\u00ebsimin, (MAP). Pas rikthimit t\u00eb PD n\u00eb pushtet fal\u00eb fitores n\u00eb zgjedhjet e vitit 2005, gjat\u00eb mandatit t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb Berisha, vendet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb NATO-s n\u00ebnshkruan Protokollin e An\u00ebtar\u00ebsimit p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe Kroacin\u00eb, n\u00eb Samitin e Bukureshtit t\u00eb mbajtur me 2 prill 2008 dhe Shqip\u00ebria filloi zyrtarisht negociatat e an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimit me 25 prill t\u00eb po k\u00ebtij viti.<\/p>\n

Reformat e gjithanshme, t\u00eb zbatuara me sukses nga qeveria e PD, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr te ratifikimit t\u00eb protokollit, b\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb me 1 prill 2009, Shqip\u00ebria t\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsohej n\u00eb strukturat e Aleanc\u00ebs, duke sh\u00ebnuar k\u00ebshtu nj\u00eb prej arritjeve m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha historike p\u00ebr vendin, si dhe p\u00ebrmbushjen e nj\u00eb prej objektivave madhore t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme dhe sigurimin e avancimit t\u00eb interesave komb\u00ebtare. Statusi i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, si vendi i par\u00eb ish-komunist q\u00eb kishte shprehur haptazi dhe qart\u00eb, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkese zyrtare, vullnetin p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebsim n\u00eb NATO, i dha asaj nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb ve\u00e7ante strategjik n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Lindore, si nj\u00eb shtet, q\u00eb megjith\u00ebse i vog\u00ebl, kishte arritur t\u00eb vendoste nj\u00eb trend t\u00eb ri gjeopolitik p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb kontinentit.<\/p>\n

Modernizimi i forcave te armatosura Shqiptare<\/strong><\/p>\n

Avantazhet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb frytshme t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb me Aleanc\u00ebn e<\/p>\n

Atlantikut t\u00eb Veriut, jan\u00eb pa dyshim ato t\u00eb fuqizimit ushtarak, modernizimit t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb ushtarake, si dhe forcimit e reformimit t\u00eb institucioneve t\u00eb mbrojtjes. Duke iu p\u00ebrgjigjur detyrimeve t\u00eb vendit si aleat ndaj NATO-s, Forcat e Armatosura Shqiptare jan\u00eb d\u00ebrguar p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb 15 viteve t\u00eb fundit p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontribuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb misionesh t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme paqeruajt\u00ebse n\u00eb Afganistan, Detin Egje, Irak, etj. Me 4 mars t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti, u p\u00ebrurua baza e par\u00eb taktike ajrore e NATO-s n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor, ajo e Ku\u00e7ov\u00ebs. Ky projekt nisi n\u00eb Janar t\u00eb dy viteve m\u00eb par\u00eb dhe kushtoi rreth 45,8 milion\u00eb euro. Vendimi i Aleanc\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar k\u00ebt\u00eb baz\u00eb, pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, forcon jo vet\u00ebm bashk\u00ebpunimin mes saj e vendit ton\u00eb, por thekson gjithashtu edhe rolin strategjik ushtarak t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb si aleati m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm i Per\u00ebndimit n\u00eb rajon.<\/p>\n

Statusi i vendit an\u00ebtar t\u00eb NATO-s, dhe s\u00eb fundmi edhe ai i vendit kandidat n\u00eb Bashkimin Europian, i japin Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb nj\u00eb pozicion t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb forcimit t\u00eb siguris\u00eb n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Juglindore, n\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb linj\u00ebs politike t\u00eb koordinimit t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb mes Aleanc\u00ebs dhe Unionit, p\u00ebrball\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimeve n\u00eb rritje nga shtete me synime ekspansioniste, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb Rusia. Sulmi n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb, i d\u00ebnuar me ashp\u00ebrsi nga NATO, ngriti s\u00eb fundmi alarmin p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb, duke theksuar nevoj\u00ebn e rritjes s\u00eb shpenzimeve qeveritare p\u00ebr mbrojtjen, p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur objektivin prej 2% t\u00eb PBB (Prodhimit t\u00eb Brendsh\u00ebm Bruto), t\u00eb miratuar unanimisht nga t\u00eb gjitha vendet aleate n\u00eb vitin 2014.<\/p>\n

Qeveria Demokratike e drejtuar nga Sali Berisha \u00ebsht\u00eb e vetmja e cila ka arritur dhe tejkaluar objektivin e 2% t\u00eb PBB midis viteve 2008 dhe 2012. Kjo p\u00ebrqindje \u00ebsht\u00eb ulur p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb qeverisjes socialiste. Sipas zyrtar\u00ebve t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb PD midis viteve 2005 – 2013, e djathta Shqiptare nd\u00ebrtoi nj\u00eb ekip t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb specialistesh, Shqiptar\u00eb dhe Amerikan, p\u00ebr t\u2019u fokusuar tek shpenzimi i rritur, gjetja e mekanizmave q\u00eb e b\u00ebnin t\u00eb mundur, por dhe me shum\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi shpenzimi i fondeve me efikasitet.<\/p>\n

Sekretari i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i NATO-s, Jens Stoltenberg u ka b\u00ebr\u00eb s\u00eb fundmi thirrje 18 vendeve aleate q\u00eb nuk e kan\u00eb arritur akoma k\u00ebt\u00eb objektiv, p\u00ebr t\u2019u kujdesur p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmbushjen e tij deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti. Ish-Presidenti i SHBA dhe kandidati Republikan n\u00eb zgjedhjet e k\u00ebtij viti, Donald Trump, ka ritheksuar t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn gj\u00eb, anipse me nj\u00eb retorik\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr. Pavar\u00ebsisht kritikave dhe sulmeve p\u00ebr deklaratat e zotit Trump, p\u00ebr arsye q\u00eb lidhen me nj\u00eb propagand\u00eb me ngjyrime politike midis vendeve per\u00ebndimore dhe brenda SHBA- s\u00eb, Trump ka p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur n\u00eb thelb thuajse t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin paralajm\u00ebrim t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb m\u00eb \u201cdiplomatike\u201d nga Presidenti Emmanuel Macron i Franc\u00ebs, apo ish-Presidenti Obama, disa vite m\u00eb par\u00eb apo dhe Presidenti Truman para shum\u00eb dekadash.<\/p>\n

Asnj\u00eb nga vendet e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, nuk e ka arritur ende objektivin e miratuar 10 vite m\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur kuot\u00ebn prej 2% t\u00eb PBB, t\u00eb shpenzimeve p\u00ebr mbrojtjen.
\nShqip\u00ebria e ka arritur k\u00ebt\u00eb objektiv vet\u00ebm n\u00eb vitet e qeverisjes s\u00eb Partis\u00eb Demokratike.<\/p>\n

Serbia, edhe pse jasht\u00eb strukturave t\u00eb NATO-s, \u00ebsht\u00eb i vetmi vend, shpenzimet e te cilit e kan\u00eb arritur k\u00ebt\u00eb objektiv vitin e kaluar. Nj\u00eb raport i publikuar s\u00eb fundmi nga Instituti \u201cGlobal<\/p>\n

Firepower\u201d, i cili b\u00ebn vler\u00ebsimin e kapaciteteve dhe teknologjis\u00eb ushtarake, logjistik\u00ebs, financave dhe numrit t\u00eb trupave, e rendit Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb vendin e 90-t\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Me gjith\u00eb rritjen e fondit n\u00eb 500 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar p\u00ebr mbrojtjen dhe rritjen e shpenzimeve t\u00eb parashikuara n\u00eb mas\u00ebn 1,8% t\u00eb PBB n\u00eb buxhetin e k\u00ebtij viti, krahasuar me nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb, kur ishte 1,6%, raporti vler\u00ebson se vendi yn\u00eb disponon 19 avion\u00eb n\u00eb total, por asnj\u00eb prej nuk p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr trajnim, misione ushtarake, apo sulme. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, pavar\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimit n\u00eb renditje sa i takon buxhetit t\u00eb mbrojtjes apo fuqis\u00eb ushtarake, pjes\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb p\u00ebrurimit t\u00eb baz\u00ebs ajrore t\u00eb Ku\u00e7ov\u00ebs dhe droneve t\u00eb avancuar \u201cBayraktar\u201d, t\u00eb ardhur nga Turqia, Shqip\u00ebria vazhdon t\u00eb mbetet n\u00eb vend t\u00eb dyt\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb list\u00ebn vazhdon ta kryesoj\u00eb Serbia, si vendi i m\u00eb i fuqish\u00ebm ushtarakisht i Ballkanit.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjith\u00eb investimet p\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket siguris\u00eb, NATO-s, e t\u00eb tjera duhen trajtuar si pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb strategjie afatgjat\u00eb t\u00eb vendit ton\u00eb, dhe jo thjesht si investime \u2018pateric\u00eb\u2019 me efekt afatshkurt\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

Duke pasur parasysh rritjen e influenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Rusis\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan, t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e raportit duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb kamban\u00eb alarmi p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb si aleat kryesor i NATO-s dhe Per\u00ebndimit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rajon delikat.
\nMesazhi p\u00ebr qeverin\u00eb aktuale, q\u00eb me shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi do t\u00eb bjer\u00eb n\u00eb vesh\u00ebt e shurdh\u00ebt t\u00eb stabilokrat\u00ebve q\u00eb tregtojn\u00eb me an\u00eb t\u00eb lobimeve asetet komb\u00ebtare dhe \u2018blejn\u00eb\u2019 aktivisht zyrtar\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb per\u00ebndimor\u00eb p\u00ebr pushtet, \u00ebsht\u00eb i qart\u00eb: Taksat e shqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushur detyrimin financiar ndaj Aleanc\u00ebs, shpenzohen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efikase vet\u00ebm at\u00ebher\u00eb kur arritja e k\u00ebtij q\u00ebllimi shoq\u00ebrohet me nj\u00eb plan konkret strategjik veprimi dhe rritje t\u00eb koordinimit me vendet e tjera aleate p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar me tej aft\u00ebsit\u00eb luftarake t\u00eb ushtris\u00eb dhe zbatuar praktikat m\u00eb t\u00eb mira p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur me efikasitet teknologjin\u00eb dhe asetet ushtarake n\u00eb dispozicion.<\/p>\n

Rritja e efikasitetit ushtarak k\u00ebrkon gjithashtu nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht edhe zhvillim t\u00eb nj\u00eb industrie vendase ushtarake p\u00ebr prodhimin e pajisjeve dhe modernizimin e teknologjis\u00eb ushtarake, apo t\u00eb siguris\u00eb, n\u00eb rrafsh kibernetik ose jo. Ky mbetet fatkeq\u00ebsisht nj\u00eb standard ndaj t\u00eb cilit, Shqip\u00ebria si vend aleat vazhdon t\u00eb mbetet larg, p\u00ebr shkak se edhe investimet n\u00eb edukim dhe R&D edhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor, ashtu sikurse n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sektor\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb, jan\u00eb inekzistente.<\/p>\n

Statusi i vendit kandidat, por edhe an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimi n\u00eb NATO, nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u2019i garantuar Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb sigurin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare. Andaj qeverisjes s\u00eb ardhme demokratike i \u2018ri-lind\u2019 detyra komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00eb lart\u00ebsin\u00eb e standardeve q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon pozita e nj\u00eb vendi aleat.<\/p>\n

Vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri e fort\u00eb ekonomikisht, institucionalisht dhe kulturalisht mund t\u00eb shnd\u00ebrroj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb faktor thelb\u00ebsor e me ndikim demokracie dhe stabiliteti n\u00eb rajon. \u00cbsht\u00eb e nevojshme q\u00eb t\u00eb punohet n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb forcimit t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb dhe sundimit t\u00eb ligjit, t\u00eb hartohen politika ekonomike q\u00eb nxisin mir\u00ebqenien e individ\u00ebve, sip\u00ebrmarrjen e lir\u00eb dhe kthejn\u00eb rolin e qeveris\u00eb si nj\u00eb stimulues t\u00eb tregut t\u00eb lir\u00eb dhe sip\u00ebrmarrjes, duke luftuar kriminalitetin e korrupsionin dhe duke ndaluar tregtimin e aseteve dhe interesave komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfitime politike.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjith\u00eb investimet p\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket siguris\u00eb apo gjer\u00ebsisht NATO-s, duhen parashikuar si pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb strategjie afatgjat\u00eb n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb interesave komb\u00ebtare, dhe jo thjesht si investime \u2018pateric\u00eb\u2019 me efekt afatshkurt\u00ebr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Klea DU\u00c7KA Daniel NIKOLLA Laboratori i Ideve \u2013 Departamenti Brain Gain PD\u00a0 Gjat\u00eb viteve \u201980, Shqip\u00ebria ishte vendi m\u00eb i izoluar i Evrop\u00ebs dhe pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb Murit t\u00eb Berlinit, streh\u00eb e rr\u00ebnoj\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit t\u00eb komunizmit e diktatur\u00ebs staliniste n\u00eb kontinent. Deri n\u00eb vitin 1990, aleanca e fundit ushtarake, pjes\u00eb e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs kishte …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":75248,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-75247","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-politike"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75247","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75247"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75247\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/75248"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75247"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75247"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75247"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}