Sipas kalkulimeve t\u00eb Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore (grafiku i m\u00ebposht\u00ebm) vet\u00ebm 28%\u00a0e emigrant\u00ebve t\u00eb arsimuar punojn\u00eb n\u00eb pozicione q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb aft\u00ebsi dhe jan\u00eb af\u00ebr profesionit t\u00eb tyre, nj\u00eb nga nivelet m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta n\u00eb rang global.<\/p>\n
Studimet dhe anketat vendase kan\u00eb treguar se mbi 60%\u00a0e stafeve akademike kan\u00eb emigruar gjat\u00eb tre dekadave t\u00eb fundit. Ikja e trurit ka varf\u00ebruar vendin nga ekspert\u00ebt dhe ka ulur shanset p\u00ebr t\u2019u integruar n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb zinxhirit t\u00eb vler\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Disa vende kan\u00eb shanse q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb nga diaspora e arsimuar. P\u00ebrllogaritjet e BB tregojn\u00eb se shumica e vendeve kan\u00eb mbi 50% t\u00eb diaspor\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre q\u00eb ushtron profesionin \u00a0n\u00eb vendet prit\u00ebse.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrllogaritjet e ekspert\u00ebve t\u00eb INSTAT kan\u00eb treguar se Shqip\u00ebria, deri n\u00eb vitin 2020, kishte p\u00ebrqindjen m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb rajon t\u00eb emigrimit t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb arsimuar dhe student\u00ebve q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb jasht\u00eb vendit.<\/p>\n
Sipas publikimit t\u00eb INSTAT,\u00a0\u201cDiaspora e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Shifra\u201d,\u00a0numri total i popullat\u00ebs s\u00eb larguar nga Shqip\u00ebria n\u00eb vitin 2020 ishte 1.684.135 individ\u00eb. Gjithashtu, INSTAT dhe Organizata Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr Migracionin (IOM) kan\u00eb kryer nj\u00eb anket\u00eb t\u00eb migracionit n\u00eb familje.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb anket\u00eb u mblodh\u00ebn t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat p\u00ebr nivelin arsimor dhe statusin e pun\u00ebsimit, n\u00eb grupin e personave 15 vje\u00e7 e sip\u00ebr, ku rezultoi se mbi 350 mij\u00eb persona ishin larguar gjat\u00eb viteve 2011-2019. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat nga anketa kan\u00eb treguar se 47% personave me arsim t\u00eb lart\u00eb kan\u00eb emigruar.<\/p>\n
Shqip\u00ebria renditet e para edhe p\u00ebr numrin e student\u00ebve q\u00eb ndjekin arsimin jasht\u00eb vendit, me p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht 18,181 student\u00eb, e ndjekur nga Serbia me 15,749 student\u00eb, pastaj Bosnja me 15,399.<\/p>\n
Ekspert\u00ebt pohojn\u00eb se, nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, numri i lart\u00eb i student\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb studiojn\u00eb jasht\u00eb mund t\u00eb shikohet si dukuri pozitive p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebn e p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsimit t\u00eb njohurive n\u00eb fushat p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse ku ata studiojn\u00eb, por nga ana tjet\u00ebr, mund t\u00eb shihet dhe si nj\u00eb indikator mat\u00ebs p\u00ebr munges\u00ebn e besimit t\u00eb studenteve p\u00ebr cil\u00ebsin\u00eb e universiteteve shqiptare.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr t\u00eb zbutur efektin negativ t\u00eb k\u00ebtij fenomeni, kryesisht n\u00eb vendet n\u00eb zhvillim, metoda m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerren nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb politikash q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb aspekte t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb zhvillimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi, si ai ekonomik, social, arsimor dhe mjedisor.<\/p>\n
E para dhe m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, duhet t\u00eb pranojm\u00eb q\u00eb emigracioni i vazhduesh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb zakonisht simptoma, jo shkaku, i nj\u00eb problemi themelor.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb, qeverit\u00eb duhet t\u00eb adresojn\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje themelore me politikat q\u00eb synojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e qeverisjes, forcimin e institucioneve dhe p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e ofrimit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve publike.<\/p>\n
Rritja e produktivitetit n\u00eb profesionet q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb kualifikim t\u00eb lart\u00eb, shum\u00eb prej t\u00eb cilave jan\u00eb n\u00eb sektorin publik, dhe b\u00ebr\u00eb pagat m\u00eb konkurruese, do t\u00eb \u201cjoshte\u201d pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, zhvillimi i sektorit privat dhe krijimi i vendeve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb plot\u00ebsohen me reformat e sektorit publik, pa t\u00eb cilat, profesionist\u00eb t\u00eb kualifikuar do t\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb emigrojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Ekzistojn\u00eb edhe politika q\u00eb mund t\u00eb inkurajojn\u00eb me sukses kthimin e diaspor\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre me aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb larta profesionale, duke siguruar stimuj tatimor\u00eb p\u00ebr emigrant\u00ebt e kthyer.<\/p>\n
Kthimi i emigrant\u00ebve mund t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb zhvillimin ekonomik, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht kur ata sjellin kapital dhe njohuri, dhe kur vendet e tyre u japin atyre kushtet e duhura p\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb zbatim plot\u00ebsisht aft\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn e tyre, sugjerojn\u00eb ekspert\u00ebt.\/Monitor<\/p>\n
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