{"id":95996,"date":"2024-11-20T14:41:01","date_gmt":"2024-11-20T14:41:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/?p=95996"},"modified":"2024-11-20T14:41:01","modified_gmt":"2024-11-20T14:41:01","slug":"analiza-e-buxhetit-te-shtetit-shqiptar-pabarazia-dhe-prioritetet-sociale-ne-driten-e-perspektivave-evropiane","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/2024\/11\/20\/analiza-e-buxhetit-te-shtetit-shqiptar-pabarazia-dhe-prioritetet-sociale-ne-driten-e-perspektivave-evropiane\/","title":{"rendered":"Analiza e Buxhetit t\u00eb Shtetit Shqiptar: Pabarazia dhe Prioritetet Sociale n\u00eb Drit\u00ebn e Perspektivave Evropiane"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bujar LESKAJ<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e nj\u00eb buxheti t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb drejt\u00eb, pabarazia \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga \u00e7\u00ebshtjet m\u00eb t\u00eb diskutueshme dhe me ndikim t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb n\u00eb zhvillimin e nj\u00eb vendi. Si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb evidentuar nga Korrado Gini, ndarja e pasuris\u00eb dhe mund\u00ebsive n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb problem q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon v\u00ebmendje t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, pasi ai mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasoja t\u00eb r\u00ebnda p\u00ebr stabilitetin social dhe rritjen ekonomike afatgjat\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Buxheti i shtetit duhet t\u00eb pasqyroj\u00eb nj\u00eb angazhim duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb prioritete q\u00eb adresojn\u00eb nevojat e grupeve sociale t\u00eb cenueshme, si dhe duke siguruar nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarje t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb burimeve financiare. Ky koncept \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me parimet e “ekonomis\u00eb s\u00eb tregut”,<\/em> q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb model q\u00eb Bashkimi Evropian promovon p\u00ebr t\u00eb balancuar tregun dhe mb\u00ebshtetje sociale, duke siguruar q\u00eb rritja ekonomike t\u00eb shoq\u00ebrohet me p\u00ebrfshirje sociale.<\/p>\n

Ekspert\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb njohur p\u00ebr menaxhimin e financave publike dhe nd\u00ebrtimin e buxhetit kan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb disa rekomandime t\u00eb vlefshme p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohet nj\u00eb buxhet i q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm dhe efektiv, si psh:<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrqendrimi n\u00eb Prioritetet Sociale dhe Ekonomike<\/strong> \u2013 Joseph Stiglitz<\/strong>, fitues i \u00c7mimit Nobel n\u00eb Ekonomiargumenton se buxheti duhet t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb barazin\u00eb sociale dhe rritjen ekonomike, duke adresuar pabarazit\u00eb dhe duke invenstuar n\u00eb arsim dhe sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n

Transparenca dhe Llogaridh\u00ebnia<\/strong> \u2013 Christine Lagarde<\/strong>, presidentja e Bank\u00ebs Qendrore Evropiane thekson r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e nj\u00eb procesi buxhetor t\u00eb hapur dhe t\u00eb monitoruesh\u00ebm, p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar besimin e qytetar\u00ebve dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar efikasitet n\u00eb menaxhimin e fondeve publike.<\/p>\n

Balancimi i Shpenzimeve dhe Taksave<\/strong> \u2013 James Buchanan<\/strong>, fitues i \u00c7mimit Nobel n\u00eb Ekonomi ka theksuar r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e kufizimit t\u00eb borxhit publik dhe mbajtjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb balancimi t\u00eb drejt\u00eb midis t\u00eb ardhurave nga taksat dhe shpenzimeve publike.<\/p>\n

Mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr Sektorin Privat dhe Inovacionin<\/strong> \u2013 Michael Porter<\/strong>, nj\u00eb nga ekspert\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb njohur n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e menaxhimit dhe konkurenc\u00ebs, sugjeron q\u00eb buxheti duhet t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis t\u00eb favorsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr sip\u00ebrmarrjet dhe inovacionin, duke nxitur rritjen ekonomike p\u00ebrmes konkurrenc\u00ebs dhe efikasitetit.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfshirja e Komunitetit dhe Konsultimi me Qytetar\u00ebt<\/strong> \u2013 Amartya Sen<\/strong>, fitues i \u00c7mimit Nobel dhe ekspert i njohur n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e zhvillimit dhe politikave ekonomike, thekson r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e nj\u00eb procesi gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs ku qytetar\u00ebt dhe grupet e interesit marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin e prioriteteve buxhetore.<\/p>\n

Shpenzime t\u00eb Orientuara p\u00ebr K\u00ebrkesa dhe Rritje Ekonomike<\/strong> \u2013 Paul Krugman<\/strong>, fitues i \u00c7mimit Nobel n\u00eb Ekonomi, sugjeron p\u00ebrdorimin e shpenzimeve publike p\u00ebr t\u00eb stimuluar k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn agregate dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxitur rritjen ekonomike.<\/p>\n

Menaxhimi i Risqeve Fiskale<\/strong> \u2013 Carmen Reinhart, eksperte n\u00eb financat nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe borxhin publik, rekomandon nj\u00eb monitorim t\u00eb kujdessh\u00ebm t\u00eb borxhit publik p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur krizat fiskale q\u00eb mund t\u00eb pengojn\u00eb zhvillimin afatgjat\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrdorimi Strategjik i Teknologjis\u00eb<\/strong> \u2013 Mariana Mazzucato, profesoresh\u00eb dhe eksperte n\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb e inovacionit, sugjeron q\u00eb fondet publike t\u00eb drejtohen drejt teknologjis\u00eb dhe k\u00ebrkimit shkencor p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb p\u00ebr inovacionin dhe zhvillimin ekonomik.<\/p>\n

Forcimi i Sistemit t\u00eb Administrimit Publik<\/strong> \u2013 Francis Fukuyama, eksperte n\u00eb qeverisje dhe zhvillim institucional, thekson r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb institucioneve t\u00eb forta q\u00eb menaxhojn\u00eb me efikasitet fondet publike.<\/p>\n

Por k\u00ebto rekomandime nuk jan\u00eb marr n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb n\u00eb asnj\u00eb moment nga qeveria aktuale, e cila prej vitit 2013 vazhdon t\u00ebmiratoj\u00eb buxhete q\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dyshim efektivitetin e tyre n\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin real t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb jet\u00ebs p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Konkretisht:<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Kemi buxhet me shpenzimet\u00eb larta n\u00eb periudh\u00eb zgjedhore<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Nj\u00eb buxhet me shpenzime t\u00eb larta gjat\u00eb periudhave zgjedhore shpesh ngjall shqet\u00ebsime p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e tij n\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb aktuale, duke ngritur pik\u00ebpyetje mbi q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb fiskale. Disa risqe ose pasoja negative:<\/p>\n

    Rrezikimi i Stabilitetit Fiskal<\/strong>: Rritjet e paplanifikuara t\u00eb shpenzimeve mund t\u00eb rrisin deficitin buxhetor dhe borxhin publik, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb menaxhimin afatgjat\u00eb t\u00eb financave publike.<\/em><\/p>\n

    Reduktimi i Besueshm\u00ebris\u00eb Institucionale<\/strong>: Kur qytetar\u00ebt dhe aktor\u00ebt ekonomik\u00eb e perceptojn\u00eb buxhetin si nj\u00eb mjet politik, kjo mund t\u00eb d\u00ebmtoj\u00eb besimin n\u00eb institucione dhe n\u00eb procesin buxhetor.<\/em><\/p>\n

    Pabarazi n\u00eb Konkurrenc\u00ebn Politike<\/em><\/strong>: Shfryt\u00ebzimi i burimeve publike p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfitime elektorale mund t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb nj\u00eb avantazh t\u00eb padrejt\u00eb p\u00ebr qeverin\u00eb aktuale, duke d\u00ebmtuar gar\u00ebn e ndershme nd\u00ebrmjet partive politike.<\/em><\/p>\n

    Shmangia e Prioriteteve Afatgjata<\/strong>: P\u00ebrqendrimi n\u00eb shpenzime afatshkurtra p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfitime politike shpesh neglizhon investimet strategjike n\u00eb sektor\u00eb si arsimi, sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsia dhe infrastruktura, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb kritike p\u00ebr zhvillimin afatgjat\u00eb.<\/em><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi jo real i cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb jet\u00ebs<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Pavar\u00ebsisht nga rritja e buxhetit, nuk jan\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyer n\u00ebp\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime konkrete p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt. N\u00eb sektor\u00ebt ky\u00e7 si sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsia dhe infrastruktura, problemet e korrupsionit dhe mungesa e menaxhimit efikas shpesh kufizojn\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimet q\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt nga k\u00ebto investime.Korrupsioni n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e fondeve publike ka sjell\u00eb shp\u00ebrdorim t\u00eb burimeve p\u00ebrmes tenderave t\u00eb manipuluar, projekteve t\u00eb fryra n\u00eb kosto dhe shpenzimeve q\u00eb nuk pasqyrojn\u00eb nevojat reale t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve. Mungesa e menaxhimit efikas ka sj\u00ebll\u00eb investime pa plane t\u00eb qarta, pa monitorim t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm dhe pa nj\u00eb kultur\u00eb llogaridh\u00ebnieje. Si rrjedhoj\u00ebburimet buxhetore nuk jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb nevojave t\u00ebpopullsis\u00eb por jan\u00eb orientuar n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb nj\u00eb grupi t\u00eb kufizuar oligark\u00ebsh dhe investitor\u00ebsh.<\/p>\n

      P\u00ebrmendim k\u00ebtu: <\/strong>Sipas Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore, Shqip\u00ebria ka rreth nj\u00eb t\u00eb tret\u00ebn e popullsis\u00eb q\u00eb jeton n\u00eb varf\u00ebri relative me m\u00eb pak se 5 dollar\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb, <\/strong>menivelin m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Rajon.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Mungesa e transparenc\u00ebs p\u00ebr politikat fiskale t\u00eb reja<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Rrit pasigurin\u00eb p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt dhe p\u00ebr sip\u00ebrmarrjet q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballen me ndryshime t\u00eb papritura n\u00eb tatime. Mungesa e transparenc\u00ebs p\u00ebr politikat fiskale t\u00eb reja krijon nj\u00eb mjedis pasigurie q\u00eb ndikon negativisht si qytetar\u00ebt ashtu edhe sip\u00ebrmarrjet. Kur vendimet p\u00ebr politika t\u00eb reja fiskale, si ndryshimet n\u00eb nivelin e taksave, tatimeve apo subvencioneve, nuk komunikohen qart\u00eb dhe n\u00eb koh\u00eb, kjo mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb pasojash t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme si: pasiguri e<\/em>konomike <\/em>p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt, sip\u00ebrmarrjen dhe zhvillimin ekonomik n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi.<\/em><\/p>\n

        \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Eurobondet dhe risku fiskal<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          P\u00ebrdorimi i tepruar i borxhit p\u00ebr financimin e investimeve krijon risk p\u00ebr stabilitetin fiskal t\u00eb shtetit. Shqip\u00ebria ende nuk ka arritur t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm fiskal q\u00eb mund t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb borxhet pa rritur m\u00eb tej kostot p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt.Kjo krijon nj\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb madhe ndaj tregjeve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe ekspozon vendin ndaj disa risqeve kryesore:<\/p>\n

          Rritja e Borxhit Publik<\/strong>: Eurobondet shoq\u00ebrohen me kosto t\u00eb larta interesi, sidomos p\u00ebr vendet me kredi-rating m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt. N\u00ebse nuk menaxhohen me kujdes, k\u00ebto detyrime mund t\u00eb \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb borxhit publik, duke ulur hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn fiskale p\u00ebr p\u00ebrballimin e nevojave t\u00eb tjera.<\/em><\/p>\n

          Vulnerabilitet ndaj Ndryshimeve n\u00eb Tregjet Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare<\/strong>: Normat e interesit n\u00eb tregjet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare mund t\u00eb rriten, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb kushtuesh\u00ebm rifinancimin e borxheve ekzistuese ose marrjen e huave t\u00eb reja. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb ekonomi si Shqip\u00ebria, e cila varet nga burime t\u00eb jashtme financimi, kjo rrit ndjeshm\u00ebrin\u00eb ndaj krizave globale.<\/em><\/p>\n

          Shpenzime joproduktive<\/strong>: N\u00eb shum\u00eb raste, fondet e siguruara nga eurobondet nuk p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr projekte q\u00eb krijojn\u00eb kthime ekonomike t\u00eb matshme, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbuluar deficitin buxhetor ose shpenzime operative. Kjo p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebson barr\u00ebn fiskale pa ndihmuar n\u00eb rritjen ekonomike.<\/em><\/p>\n

          Mungesa e nj\u00eb Sistemi t\u00eb Q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm Fiskal<\/strong>: Shqip\u00ebria ende nuk ka nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb konsoliduar q\u00eb t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb borxhet e marra pa rritur m\u00eb tej barr\u00ebn p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst, rritja e taksave, ulja e shpenzimeve publike ose masat e tjera shtr\u00ebnguese shpesh b\u00ebhen t\u00eb nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbuluar pagesat e borxhit, duke ndikuar negativisht n\u00eb standardin e jetes\u00ebs.<\/em><\/p>\n

          Krijimi i Nj\u00eb Spiraleje Borxhi<\/strong>: N\u00ebse borxhet nuk p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr projekte t\u00eb cilat gjenerojn\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr shlyerjen e tyre, qeveria mund t\u00eb detyrohet t\u00eb marr\u00eb hua shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbuluar detyrimet ekzistuese, duke rritur rrezikun p\u00ebr nj\u00eb spirale borxhi.<\/em><\/p>\n

          \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

          Vlen t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendim k\u00ebtu faktin se: N\u00ebvitin 2023, stoku i borxhit publik shqiptar arriti n\u00eb 1,362.8 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb<\/strong>, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson 58.9% t\u00eb PBB-s\u00eb<\/strong>. Pavar\u00ebsisht uljes s\u00eb stokut t\u00eb borxhit n\u00eb raport me PBB-n, vlera nominale e borxhit \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rritje nga viti n\u00eb vit, konkretisht nga 885 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2013 n\u00eb 1,362.8 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2023.<\/strong>Edhe pse niveli i borxhit ndaj PBB-s\u00eb ka p\u00ebsuar nj\u00eb ulje relative, kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pasoj\u00eb e uljes s\u00eb huamarrjes, por m\u00eb shum\u00eb rezultat i ndikimit t\u00eb faktor\u00ebve t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm si kursi i k\u00ebmbimit dhe rritja nominale e PBB-s\u00eb.<\/p>\n

          Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, rritja e borxhit p\u00ebr frym\u00eb nga 2,237 euro n\u00eb 2013<\/strong> n\u00eb 5,760 euro n\u00eb 2023, pra me 157%<\/strong> p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb barr\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt dhe shton presionin mbi buxhetin.<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Rritje e popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik varf\u00ebrie dhe emigracioni edhe pse kemi rritje e prodhimit t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm bruto n\u00eb dekad\u00ebn e fundit<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Arsyet:<\/p>\n

            -rritje e PBB-s\u00eb pa p\u00ebrfshirje t\u00eb gjith\u00eb popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen ekonomike, pra \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rritje q\u00eb ka mbetur kryesisht n\u00eb sektor\u00eb specifik\u00eb ose n\u00eb grupe t\u00eb vogla t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

            -rritje e shpejt\u00eb e pabarazis\u00eb ekonomike: Shtresat m\u00eb t\u00eb varfra nuk kan\u00eb p\u00ebrfituar proporcionalisht, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb zhvillimi ekonomik \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar te grupet m\u00eb t\u00eb pasura.<\/em><\/p>\n

            -emigracion si pasoj\u00eb e munges\u00ebs s\u00eb mund\u00ebsive t\u00eb brendshme.<\/p>\n

            -struktur\u00eb ekonomike e fokusuar n\u00eb sektor\u00eb t\u00eb paq\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

            -politika t\u00eb pamjaftueshme p\u00ebr ndihm\u00eb sociale dhe stimulim t\u00eb zhvillimit rural.<\/p>\n

            -p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i PBB-s\u00eb pa nj\u00eb politik\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme sociale.<\/p>\n

            -rritje e inflacionit.<\/p>\n

            -mungesa e rishikimit t\u00eb politikave sociale, etj.<\/p>\n

             <\/p>\n

            6.Rritje e mb\u00ebshtetjes buxhetore p\u00ebr PPP <\/strong><\/p>\n

            Fondi i parashikuar p\u00ebr Partneritetet Publike Private (PPP) \u00ebsht\u00eb 9 her\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb se fondi p\u00ebr indeksimin e pensioneve dhe 3 her\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb se ai p\u00ebr ndihm\u00ebn ekonomike. Kjo situat\u00eb ngre disa \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb kritike, duke pasur parasysh prioritetet e qeveris\u00eb n\u00eb ndihm\u00ebn p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt dhe zhvillimin ekonomik, si:<\/p>\n

            Prioritetet Sociale n\u00eb Vend t\u00eb Dyt\u00eb<\/strong>: Nj\u00eb buxhet i orientuar n\u00eb favor t\u00eb PPP-ve n\u00ebnvler\u00ebson nevojat sociale t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr pensionist\u00ebt dhe familjet me t\u00eb ardhura t\u00eb ul\u00ebta.<\/em><\/p>\n

            Rreziku i Kostove t\u00eb Fshehura<\/strong>: Projektet PPP p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb kosto t\u00eb larta t\u00eb mir\u00ebmbajtjes dhe pagesa afatgjata nga ana e shtetit, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb kufizojn\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn fiskale p\u00ebr investime n\u00eb sektor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb thelb\u00ebsor\u00eb, si sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsia dhe arsimi.<\/em><\/p>\n

            Transparenca dhe Llogaridh\u00ebnia<\/strong>: Projektet PPP jan\u00eb shoq\u00ebruar me abuzime pafund dhe munges\u00eb transparence n\u00eb proceset e tenderimit dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjedhjen e fituesve q\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb jan\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjet i lidhur ngusht\u00eb me politik\u00ebn.<\/em><\/p>\n

            Mbivler\u00ebsimi i P\u00ebrfitimeve Ekonomike<\/strong>: PPP-t\u00eb nuk justifikojn\u00eb kostot e m\u00ebdha t\u00eb buxhetit.<\/em><\/p>\n

            Ndikimi n\u00eb Barazin\u00eb Sociale<\/strong>: P\u00ebrdorimi i burimeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr PPP-t\u00eb, n\u00eb kurriz t\u00eb fondeve p\u00ebr politika sociale, ka thelluar pabarazin\u00eb ekonomike, duke favorizuar grupet e interesit dhe partner\u00ebt privat\u00eb n\u00eb vend t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve.<\/em><\/p>\n

            \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. Prioritete t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruara n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb dhe shpenzime t\u00eb tjera<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              Nd\u00ebrsa investimet n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb jan\u00eb jetike p\u00ebr zhvillimin ekonomik, ato duhet t\u00eb shoq\u00ebrohen me politika plot\u00ebsuese q\u00eb adresojn\u00eb sfida strukturore dhe krijojn\u00eb baz\u00eb p\u00ebr rritje t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme. Aktualisht hasen disa risqe si:<\/p>\n

              Fokus n\u00eb Infrastruktur\u00eb n\u00eb D\u00ebm t\u00eb Kapaciteteve Njer\u00ebzore: <\/strong>Prioriteti p\u00ebr projektet e m\u00ebdha t\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs, pa nj\u00eb investim paralel n\u00eb arsim dhe trajnim profesional, rrezikon t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb nj\u00eb ekonomi q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb importe dhe fuqin\u00eb pun\u00ebtore t\u00eb jashtme sesa n\u00eb zhvillimin e burimeve t\u00eb brendshme. <\/em><\/p>\n

              Mungesa e Diversifikimit t\u00eb Investimeve: <\/strong>Shpenzimet e p\u00ebrqendruara n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb shpesh nuk adresojn\u00eb sektor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb me potencial t\u00eb madh p\u00ebr zhvillim ekonomik dhe krijim vendesh pune, si bujq\u00ebsia, turizmi i q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm, teknologjia e informacionit etj. <\/em><\/p>\n

              Ndikimi Social dhe Ekonomik: <\/strong>Investimet infrastrukturore t\u00eb pashoq\u00ebruara me politika sociale mund t\u00eb thellojn\u00eb pabarazin\u00eb, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb zonat rurale dhe komunitetet e varfra, q\u00eb nuk p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb nga k\u00ebto projekte.<\/em><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Mungesa e Investimeve n\u00eb Prodhim dhe Eksport<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                Nj\u00eb prej aspekteve kryesore q\u00eb pengon zhvillimin e q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb shqiptare \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e investimeve n\u00eb prodhim dhe eksport<\/strong>. <\/strong>Po k\u00ebshtu dhe mungesa e mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr bizneset n\u00eb pika kritike t\u00eb funksionimit t\u00eb tyre. P\u00ebrmendim k\u00ebtu <\/strong>Industrin\u00eb fason e cila ka humbur 230 milion\u00eb euro deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb muajit shtator<\/em>\u00a0krahasuar me vjet vet\u00ebm si rezultat i zhvler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb kursit t\u00eb\u00a0k\u00ebmbimit. Gjithashtu, bizneset shqiptare p\u00ebrballen me kosto t\u00eb larta t\u00eb energjis\u00eb, transportit dhe burokracis\u00eb, duke i b\u00ebr\u00eb ato m\u00eb pak konkurruese n\u00eb tregjet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, mungesa e teknologjive moderne dhe e inovacionit kufizon aft\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur vler\u00ebn e shtuar t\u00eb produkteve q\u00eb eksportojn\u00eb.Nga ana tjet\u00ebrmungesa e qendrave t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb produkteve bujq\u00ebsore dhe industriale e kufizon aft\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb eksportuar produkte t\u00eb gatshme. P\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket politikave qeveritare, ka patur nj\u00ebp\u00ebrkrahje t\u00eb pamjaftueshme p\u00ebr diversifikimin ekonomik, pasi shumica e investimeve jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruara n\u00eb sektor\u00eb si nd\u00ebrtimi dhe sh\u00ebrbimet, nd\u00ebrsa prodhimi dhe eksporti, sektor\u00eb me potencial t\u00eb lart\u00eb p\u00ebr rritje t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme, kan\u00eb qen\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb n\u00ebnp\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuar.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Risku nga vendimet e Gjykatave Europiane t\u00eb t\u00eb Drejtave t\u00eb Njeriut dhe Arbitrazhit Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Aktualisht detyrimet e GJEDNJ-s\u00ebme nj\u00eb vler\u00eb prej 18 milion euro dhe detyrimet e Arbitrazhit Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar me nj\u00eb vler\u00eb prej 183 milion euro<\/strong>, paraqesin nj\u00eb shqet\u00ebsim t\u00eb madh p\u00ebr stabilitetin financiar dhe juridik t\u00eb shtetit shqiptar. K\u00ebto detyrime, q\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb rriten p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb vendimeve n\u00eb koh\u00eb dhe t\u00eb kamat\u00eb-vonesave, paraqesin nj\u00eb barr\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb p\u00ebr buxhetin shtet\u00ebror dhe p\u00ebr mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e zhvillimit ekonomik t\u00eb vendit.Rritja e k\u00ebtyre detyrimeve, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb periudh\u00eb afatshkurt\u00ebr, mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb nj\u00eb presion t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb n\u00eb buxhetin e shtetit. Kjo mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb alokimin e fondeve q\u00eb do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb ishin p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr investime dhe p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime t\u00eb tjera sociale dhe ekonomike. Mungesa e nj\u00eb strategjie t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb adresuar k\u00ebto detyrime mund t\u00eb d\u00ebmtoj\u00eb besimin e investitor\u00ebve dhe t\u00eb zvog\u00ebloj\u00eb mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfituar nga financime t\u00eb tjera nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n

                  Pra, duke analizuar treguesit e buxheteve nd\u00ebr vite, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe k\u00ebt\u00eb buxhet, evidentohet se qeveriaka n\u00eb fokus zhvillimin dhe fuqizimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb nj\u00eb grupi oligark\u00ebsh, investitor\u00ebsh t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj dhe jo p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve, ashtu si\u00e7 n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ishte ky fokus, duke l\u00ebn\u00eb pas grupe t\u00eb prekura si pensionist\u00ebt, bizneset e vogla, dhe familjet n\u00eb nevoj\u00eb.<\/em><\/p>\n

                  Jemi n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2024 dhe ende:<\/p>\n

                  -Mungon p<\/strong>\u00eb<\/strong>rcaktimi i nj<\/strong>\u00eb<\/strong> Minimum Jetik<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  Pa nj\u00eb minimum jetik t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar, si mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohen politikat e ndihm\u00ebs sociale dhe t\u00eb investimeve publike q\u00eb do t\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb nivelin jetik p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt? Kjo padiskutim n\u00eb alokim t\u00eb pasakt\u00eb t\u00eb burimeve dhe p\u00ebrjashtimin e disa grupeve nga mb\u00ebshtetja e domosdoshme.<\/p>\n

                  Mungesa e p\u00ebrcaktimit t\u00eb minimumit jetik n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri krijon nj\u00eb boshll\u00ebk t\u00eb theksuar n\u00eb sistemin e mbrojtjes sociale, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb adresimin e varf\u00ebris\u00eb dhe pabarazis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

                  -30 vite dhe ende nuk ka p<\/strong>\u00eb<\/strong>rfunduar <\/strong>D\u00ebmshp\u00ebrblimi i t\u00eb P\u00ebrndjekurve Politik\u00eb <\/strong><\/p>\n

                  Demshp\u00ebrblimi i t\u00eb p\u00ebrndjekurve politik\u00eb<\/strong> \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb ka mbetur jasht\u00eb v\u00ebmendjes nga qeveria n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha buxhetet duke filluar nga vitit 2013. Ekspert\u00ebt e drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb tranzicionale<\/strong>, si Rolf Luts<\/strong>,<\/strong> theksojn\u00eb se proceset e drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr viktimat e regjimeve diktatoriale jan\u00eb t\u00eb domosdoshme p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e nj\u00eb shteti t\u00eb s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebr riparimin e padrejt\u00ebsive t\u00eb kaluara. Ata sugjerojn\u00eb q\u00eb kompensimi dhe rehabilitimi i t\u00eb p\u00ebrndjekurve<\/strong> \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb detyrim moral dhe ligjor i \u00e7do shteti q\u00eb ka kaluar nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb historike.<\/p>\n

                  Me parashikimin e fondit n\u00eb buxhetet vjetore k\u00ebsaj kategorie do i duhen minimalisht edhe 3 dekada t\u00eb marrin d\u00ebmshp\u00ebrblim,<\/strong> periudh\u00eb e cila riskon q\u00eb asnj\u00eb prej t\u00eb p\u00ebrndjekurve politik\u00eb t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb m\u00eb gjall\u00eb.<\/p>\n

                  -Nuk ka rritje pensionesh<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  Nj\u00eb sfid\u00eb e madhe q\u00eb po p\u00ebrballet Shqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb pensionet e ulta<\/strong> dhe ndikimi i tyre n\u00eb nivelin e jetes\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarve. Pensionist\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb<\/strong> shpesh p\u00ebrballen me nj\u00eb realitet t\u00eb hidhur, duke marr\u00eb pensione q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00ebn nivelin e minimumit jetik. Ekspert\u00ebt e Komisionit Europian<\/strong>dhe t\u00ebFMN-s\u00eb<\/strong> kan\u00eb theksuar r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e nj\u00eb sistemi t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb pensioneve, i cili mund t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb uljen e varf\u00ebris\u00eb dhe pabarazis\u00eb, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb kan\u00eb kontribuar gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb jet\u00ebs n\u00eb sistemin e sigurimeve shoq\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n

                  Shum\u00eb ekspert\u00eb, si Philippon (2012)<\/strong>,<\/strong> sugjerojn\u00eb q\u00eb pensionet e ulta shkaktojn\u00eb nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb pabarazis\u00eb dhe humbje t\u00eb besimit tek institucionet shtet\u00ebrore, duke i l\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarit n\u00eb kushte ekonomike t\u00eb pasiguruara.<\/p>\n

                  N\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, pensionet e ulta<\/strong> dhe mungesa e reformave n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor po p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsojn\u00eb pabarazin\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsojn\u00eb nivelin e jetes\u00ebs p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve. Ky aspekt \u00ebsht\u00eb injoruar n\u00eb projekt-buxhetin p\u00ebr vitin 2025, ku nuk ka ndodhur rritja e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur ritmin e inflacionit dhe t\u00eb kostos s\u00eb jetes\u00ebs. Vlerat e projektbuxhetit nuk p\u00ebrputhen me premtimet p\u00ebr rritje t\u00eb pensioneve, p\u00ebr shkak se: N\u00eb buxhetin e vitit 2025, qeveria ka parashikuar vet\u00ebm 1.6 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb ose 16 milion\u00eb euro si fond p\u00ebr indeksimin e pensioneve. Ky fond \u00ebsht\u00eb 2 her\u00eb e gjysm\u00eb m\u00eb i ul\u00ebt se sa ai q\u00eb qeveria dha p\u00ebr indeksimin e pensioneve gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti dhe sipas llogarive mjafton vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb indeksuar pensionet me di\u00e7ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 1 p\u00ebr qind.N\u00eb nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb me inflacioni t\u00eb lart\u00eb, vlera reale e pensioneve mund t\u00eb bjer\u00eb, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb nevojshme nj\u00eb rritje p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur fuqin\u00eb bler\u00ebse. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00ebse inflacioni ndikon edhe mbi shpenzimet e tjera sociale dhe t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb buxheti mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballet me presion q\u00eb kufizon hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn p\u00ebr rritje t\u00eb pensioneve. P\u00ebrpos faktit q\u00eb jemi n\u00eb kushtet thjesht t\u00eb indeksimit t\u00eb tyre dhe t\u00eb rritjes reale. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr detyrimet n\u00eb form\u00ebn e sigurimeve t\u00eb papaguara t\u00eb punonj\u00ebseve nga bizneset apo dhe vet\u00eb institucionet shtet\u00ebrore arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb 24,3 miliard\u00eb lek\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2023, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga Kontrolli i Lart\u00eb i Shtetit, shum\u00eb e pa-ark\u00ebtuar nga politikat e gabuara n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb menaxhimit dhe kontrollit fiskal.<\/p>\n

                  Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, kjo qeveri n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebllimshme, por t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht jokorrekte, p\u00ebrdor dy norma t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb kurseve t\u00eb k\u00ebmbimit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb krahasuar pensionet aktuale me vitin 2013, vitin e fundit t\u00eb qeverisjes nga PD. Edi Rama u shpreh se n\u00eb vitin 2013, vitin e fundit t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Sali Berish\u00ebs, pensionet ishin n\u00eb mas\u00ebn 100 euro.<\/p>\n

                  N\u00eb vitin 2013, n\u00eb fakt pensioneturbane kan\u00eb qen\u00eb 14.000 lek\u00eb<\/strong>, apo 140 euro me kursin e sot\u00ebm t\u00eb k\u00ebmbimit. N\u00eb k\u00ebto tre mandate, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave zyrtare t\u00eb INSTAT, pensionet aktuale, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe indeksimin e famsh\u00ebm prej 4.1% t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb fuqi 1 muaj m\u00eb par\u00eb, pensionet mesatare urbane sot jan\u00eb jo m\u00eb t\u00eb larta se 19.000 lek\u00eb, nga 14.000 q\u00eb ishin 11 vite m\u00eb par\u00eb. Pra p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb 11-vjecare jan\u00eb rritur vet\u00ebm 5,000 lek\u00eb, n\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb q\u00eb \u00e7mimet kan\u00eb ardhur duke u rritur gjithmon\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb, vecan\u00ebrisht shporta baz\u00eb e konsumit.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  Po k\u00ebshtu, shp\u00ebrblimi i fundvitit p\u00ebr pensionist\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7 nj\u00eb \u201cl\u00ebmosh\u00eb\u201d q\u00eb nuk ndryshon asgj\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrditshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e tyre. P\u00ebr aq koh\u00eb sa pensionet nuk rriten ndjesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar rritjen e \u00e7mimeve dhe kostot e jetes\u00ebs, ky shp\u00ebrblim mbetet nj\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsim i kot\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsin\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb: sigurimin e nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmeje dinjitoze p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuan k\u00ebt\u00eb shoq\u00ebri. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrblim, por nj\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb heshtur z\u00ebrin e tyre, nd\u00ebrsa hallet e v\u00ebrteta mbeten t\u00eb paprekura.<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  P\u00ebrse duhet nj\u00eb skem\u00eb e re pensioni n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri?<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  Krijimi i nj\u00eb skeme t\u00eb re pensioni n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb i domosdosh\u00ebm p\u00ebr disa arsye q\u00eb lidhen me sfidat aktuale dhe t\u00eb ardhshme t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb pensioneve n\u00eb vend.<\/p>\n

                  1.Plakja e popullsis\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  Shqip\u00ebria po p\u00ebrballet me nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb mosh\u00ebs mesatare t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb ulje t\u00eb lindshm\u00ebris\u00eb. Kjo krijon presion mbi sistemin aktual t\u00eb pensioneve, i cili financohet kryesisht nga kontributet e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve aktiv\u00eb.<\/p>\n

                  Numri i kontribuuesve zvog\u00eblohet, nd\u00ebrsa numri i pensionist\u00ebve rritet, duke \u00e7uar n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem jo t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm financiarisht.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Kontributet e ul\u00ebta dhe informaliteti i lart\u00eb<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    Shum\u00eb qytetar\u00eb nuk kontribuojn\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb skem\u00ebn e pensioneve p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb:<\/p>\n

                    Pun\u00ebsimit informal (jasht\u00eb skemave zyrtare).<\/p>\n

                    Pagave t\u00eb ulta, q\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptojn\u00eb kontribut\u00eb t\u00eb ulta.<\/p>\n

                    Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb shum\u00eb individ\u00eb do t\u00eb marrin pensione minimale ose t\u00eb pamjaftueshme.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Barazia dhe drejt\u00ebsia sociale<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                      Nj\u00eb sistem i ri mund t\u00eb adresoj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje duke p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar lidhjen midis kontributit dhe p\u00ebrfitimeve.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. Zhvillimi ekonomik dhe migracioni<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                        Migracioni i lart\u00eb ka ndikuar n\u00eb uljen e forc\u00ebs pun\u00ebtore, duke zvog\u00ebluar baz\u00ebn e kontributit p\u00ebr pensionet. Gjithashtu, shum\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb punojn\u00eb jasht\u00eb vendit nuk kontribuojn\u00eb n\u00eb sistemin komb\u00ebtar, duke l\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb hendek t\u00eb madh financiar.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        1. Mosp\u00ebrballueshm\u00ebria p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                          Sistemi aktual funksionon si nj\u00eb skem\u00eb “pay-as-you-go”, ku kontribuesit aktual\u00eb financojn\u00eb pensionet e gjenerat\u00ebs s\u00eb m\u00ebparshme. Me ndryshimet demografike dhe presionet ekonomike, ky model mund t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb i p\u00ebrballuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr dekadat e ardhshme.<\/p>\n

                          \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          P\u00ebrfitimet e nj\u00eb skeme t\u00eb re:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          Q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebria financiare:<\/strong> P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i balanc\u00ebs midis kontribuesve dhe p\u00ebrfituesve.<\/p>\n

                          M\u00eb shum\u00eb motivim p\u00ebr kontribut:<\/strong> Lidhje m\u00eb e qart\u00eb midis asaj q\u00eb kontribuon dhe asaj q\u00eb merr.<\/p>\n

                          Rritja e barazis\u00eb:<\/strong> Mbrojtje m\u00eb e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr grupet vulnerab\u00ebl dhe nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarje m\u00eb e drejt\u00eb e p\u00ebrfitimeve.<\/p>\n

                          Stimulimi i kursimeve afatgjata:<\/strong>Kjo reform\u00eb k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb t\u00eb kujdesshme t\u00eb ndikimeve sociale dhe ekonomike p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar nj\u00eb sistem q\u00eb i sh\u00ebrben m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

                          \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                          Bujar LESKAJ N\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e nj\u00eb buxheti t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb drejt\u00eb, pabarazia \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga \u00e7\u00ebshtjet m\u00eb t\u00eb diskutueshme dhe me ndikim t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb n\u00eb zhvillimin e nj\u00eb vendi. Si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb evidentuar nga Korrado Gini, ndarja e pasuris\u00eb dhe mund\u00ebsive n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb problem q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon v\u00ebmendje t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, pasi ai …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":18008,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-95996","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-politike"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95996","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=95996"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95996\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":95997,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95996\/revisions\/95997"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18008"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=95996"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=95996"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rdnews.al\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=95996"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}